The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°Hay, Oliver Perry
Science
The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°
Hay, Oliver Perry
Paleontology -- North America; Paleontology -- Pleistocene; Vertebrates, Fossil
The writer has had the opportunity to examine this jaw, now in the
Victoria Museum at Ottawa. It is believed to belong to _Elephas
columbi_. The finely preserved last molar has been worn on about 9 of
the ridge-plates, and this worn surface is about 110 mm. long. There are
24 plates present, and 8 of these occupy a 100–mm. line. The hinder
plates lean forward and the base of the tooth is very convex.
Cottle reported that the remains were discovered at a depth of 40 feet
from the surface and at an elevation of 60 feet above the level of the
lake. It is stated on the label that the elevation above the lake was 70
feet, and this is the height given by Logan (Geol. Canada, 1863, p.
914). The author stated also that at an elevation of 7 feet more were
found antlers of _Cervus canadensis_ and the jaw of a beaver.
VERMONT.
(Map 12.)
1. _Mount Holly, Rutland County._—In 1849 (Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci.,
vol. II, p. 100), Professor Louis Agassiz exhibited before the members
of the American Association for the Advancement of Science a tooth and a
tusk of an elephant, discovered in making excavations for the Rutland
and Burlington Railroad, somewhere on the slope of Mount Holly, Rutland
County. It was said to have been found lying under an erratic boulder.
Agassiz was doubtful as to the specific identity of the animal. In 1850
(Amer. Jour. Sci., ser. 2, vol. IX, p. 256), Zadock Thompson gave a
brief account of this discovery. The remains were found, he said, in
Mount Holly Township, at an elevation of 1,360 feet above sea-level, in
a deposit of muck, at a depth of about 9 feet. This muck-bed is located
on the divide between the streams which flow into Connecticut River and
those which empty into Lake Champlain. In 1853 (“History of Vermont,”
App., p. 14) Thompson presented a more extended report on the discovery.
This is reprinted in Edward Hitchcock’s “Report on the Geology of
Vermont,” 1861, page 176. The elevation is given here as 1,415 feet; the
location is said to be east of the summit station. On the Wallingford
topographic sheet of the U. S. Geological Survey the station named
Summit is shown to have an elevation of 1,500 feet. First, there was
found a tooth lying on gravel beneath 11 feet of peat; soon afterward a
tusk was discovered at a distance of 80 feet, and later the other tusk
and some bones were met with not far away. The grinder was in an
excellent state of preservation. The length of one tusk along the
convexity of the curve is given as 80 inches, while the distance direct
from the base to the tip was 60 inches. A figure of the tusk was given
by Hager in the second volume of the 1861 report just referred to, on
page 934. According to Agassiz’s statement, the tooth and tusk were
taken to the Lawrence Scientific School, Cambridge.
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