The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°Hay, Oliver Perry
Science
The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°
Hay, Oliver Perry
Paleontology -- North America; Paleontology -- Pleistocene; Vertebrates, Fossil
In 1850 (Proc. Amer. Assoc. Adv. Sci., vol. III, p. 67), Robert W.
Gibbes reported the discovery of horse remains, probably a tooth, in the
alluvium of Skidaway Island, a few miles southeast of Savannah. No
further information was furnished. The geological conditions at this
island and the fossils found there will be considered on pages 370 to
372.
FLORIDA.
(Maps 17, 18.)
1. _Stokes Ferry, St. Mary’s River, Nassau County._—In 1909 (2d Ann.
Rep. Florida Geol. Surv., p. 147), Sellards stated, on authority of
notes received from Dr. L. W. Stephenson, that 3 teeth of a fossil horse
had been found at the place named. At the same place was discovered a
fragment of a tooth of an elephant, most probably _Elephas columbi_, and
some ear-bones of a whale. The writer has not seen these and does not
know to what species they belonged.
_Measurements of tibiæ of horses._
┌───────────────────────────────────────┬─────────┬─────────┬─────────┐
│ Dimensions taken. │Equus sp.│ E. │ E. │
│ │Florida. │ scotti. │caballus.│
├───────────────────────────────────────┼─────────┼─────────┼─────────┤
│Total length of bone │ 396│ 370│ 392│
│Length on outer border │ 360│ │ │
│Length on inner border │ 378│ │ │
│Width across upper end │ 125±│ 107│ 108│
│Fore-and-aft diameter at middle of │ │ │ │
│ length │ 45│ 40│ 37│
│Side-to-side diameter at middle of │ │ │ │
│ length │ 56│ 49│ 43│
│Greatest width at lower end │ 94│ 93│ 86│
└───────────────────────────────────────┴─────────┴─────────┴─────────┘
2. _Almero Farm, St. John County._—In the collection of Mr. Fred R.
Allen, of St. Augustine, Florida, the writer has examined a left tibia
of an extinct horse, found in the Inland Waterway Canal, about 28 miles
south of St. Augustine. The species has not been determined, but it may
be well to put on record the measurements. It apparently belonged to a
rather large horse. For comparison, other corresponding measurements are
given, taken from _Equus scotti_, No. 10628 of the American Museum of
Natural History, and from _Equus caballus_, No. 74 of Mr. Chubb’s
collection at the museum mentioned, a trotting stallion.
It will be seen that the tibia found below St. Augustine is a relatively
stouter bone than those it is compared with. The large horse, known to
have existed in Florida, is _Equus complicatus_.
3. _Neals, Alachua County._—This place is near Newberry. Here have been
collected _Gomphotherium floridanum_, _Tapirus terrestris?_, and
_Hipparion_ sp. indet.
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