The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°Hay, Oliver Perry
Science
The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°
Hay, Oliver Perry
Paleontology -- North America; Paleontology -- Pleistocene; Vertebrates, Fossil
2. _Whitesburg, Hamblen County._—In 1885 Mr. Ira Sayles collected at
this place a lot of bones and teeth of vertebrates, described by the
present writer (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. LVIII, p. 87). Among them is
an upper right second premolar of a horse, identified as _Equus leidyi_.
A list of the species will be found on page 395. _E. littoralis_ also is
present.
3. _Lookout Mountain, Hamilton County._—In the American Museum of
Natural History, New York, is an upper second molar tooth brought from
Lookout Mountain (Gidley, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., vol. XIV, p.
121). Under what conditions this tooth was found have not been recorded.
It belongs probably to the species _Equus littoralis_.
4. _Nashville, Davidson County._—From William Edward Myer, of Nashville,
Tennessee, the writer received, June 26, 1920, some fossils collected
near Nashville, about 300 yards upstream from Lock A, in Cumberland
River, at a depth of nearly 30 feet beneath a bank of gravel. Below this
gravel is a bed of sand apparently 2 or 3 feet thick and this is
underlain by another bed of gravel apparently about 2 feet thick. This
itself lies on bed-rock at about the level of low water in the river. In
the lower gravel were found a lower molar of _Equus leidyi_, a part of a
left femur of a large horse, and an antler of a small undetermined and
probably undescribed deer. In the layer of sand were discovered a heel
bone of a camel, a part of a tooth of a young mastodon, and some
fragments of turtle bones. The equine tooth belongs to the right side.
It has a height of about 80 mm., a length of 28 mm. on the
grinding-surface, and a width of 16 mm. It is black, and like the others
thoroughly fossilized.
The fragment of femur appears to have belonged to a horse perhaps larger
than _Equus leidyi_. It begins at the lower border of the third
trochanter and descends to the lower part of the deep fossa for the
plantaris muscle. Immediately above the fossa the side-to-side diameter
of the bone is 50 mm., the fore-and-aft 60 mm. In a horse of medium size
these diameters are respectively 45 mm. and 53 mm.
Later there was discovered at the same locality the upper two-thirds of
the right metatarsal. The fragment is 230 mm. long. The upper articular
end is somewhat injured; 75 mm. below the upper end the fore-and-aft
diameter is 45 mm., the side-to-side diameter 38 mm. The latter diameter
was somewhat greater, as the bone appears to be slightly crushed. The
specimen is referred to _Equus complicatus_. Probably the femur
mentioned above belonged to this species.
KENTUCKY.
(Map 17.)
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