The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°Hay, Oliver Perry
Science
The Pleistocene of North America: and its vertebrated animals from the states east of the Mississippi River and from the Canadian provinces east of longitude 95°
Hay, Oliver Perry
Paleontology -- North America; Paleontology -- Pleistocene; Vertebrates, Fossil
10. _Portland, Cumberland County._—In the American Naturalist, volume
XII, 1878, page 633, it is recorded that the larger part of the skeleton
of a walrus, including the skull, with tusks over 5 inches long, had
lately been found in the Quaternary clays at Portland. It had been
discovered by workmen excavating for the foundation of the transfer
station of the Boston and Maine Railroad. The remains were partially
embedded in a layer of blue clay a foot thick, itself overlain by 2 feet
2 inches of a lighter clay. The latter contained casts and shells of 11
species of mollusks. J. A. Allen, in his work already quoted, states
that the skeleton was found at a depth of 7 feet. It was placed in the
museum of the Portland Society of Natural History, and is still there,
as reported by the curator, Arthur H. Norton.
Mr. Norton has sent the writer an extract from the report of the
committee which investigated this discovery. The bed of blue clay in
which the greater part of the skeleton was buried contained the
following species of mollusks: _Mya arenaria_, _Macoma sabulosa
(calcarea)_, _Mytilus edulis_, _Cardium (Serripes) grœndlandicum_,
_Saxicava distorta_, _Nucula antiqua_, _Leda tenuisulcata_, _L. truncata
(Yoldia glacialis)_, _Natica clausa_, _N. pusilla_, and _Astarte
striata_. The lighter-colored clay above the blue clay was more sandy
and adhered strongly to the bones. This clay contained _Mya arenaria_,
_Mytilus edulis_, _Serripes grœndlandicus_, _Astarte striata_, _Macoma
calcarea_, _Nucula antiqua_, _Natica_, and _Balanus_.
Above the lighter-colored clay just mentioned was a foot of a clay which
contained wood and roots, the unused portion of the brick clay that once
existed there, but which had been removed for the manufacture of bricks.
Inasmuch as the clay overlying the bed in which the remains were found
contains marine shells, it is certain that since their deposition the
land has been considerably elevated.
George N. Stone (Monogr. XXXIV, U. S. Geol. Surv., pp. 286–291) has
discussed the age of the glacial deposits at Portland. Professor M. L.
Fuller has written to the author that on the Maine coast the chief clay
is known as the Leda and is found at Portland and Gardiner, and that it
probably antedates the Wisconsin. This is not to be correlated with the
Leda clay of the St. Lawrence Valley. It corresponds rather to Clapp’s
“high-level clays” (Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer., vol. XVIII, p. 505, seq.).
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
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