9. _Gardiner, Kennebec County._—In 1845 Charles Lyell visited (“Second Visit to the United States,” vol. I, p. 44) Gardiner, Maine, and examined a collection of fossil shells and crustacea which had been made by Mrs. Frederic Allen from the glacial deposits of that vicinity. He recognized the tooth of a walrus, which he stated was similar to the one procured by him on Martha’s Vineyard. This tooth is said by Packard (Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. I, 1867, p. 246) to have been a tusk; and he was informed that it had been taken by Lyell to London and had been identified by Professor Richard Owen. Inasmuch as Owen regarded the specimen found on Martha’s Vineyard as a species distinct from the one now living on the Atlantic coast, it is to be supposed that the Gardiner specimen also was thought to be different from the latter. Packard, in another communication (Amer. Naturalist, vol. I, 1868, p. 268), states that the tooth of the walrus and some teeth of a supposed bison were discovered in the clay-beds at Gardiner by Lyell, or at least during his visit, but it is evident that they had been collected before his arrival. In his discussion of the supposed bison teeth found in clay at Gardiner, Dr. J. A. Allen (The American Bisons, 1876, pp. 89, 91) gives us some information about the fate of Mrs. Frederic Allen’s collection. At her death it passed into the possession of her daughter, by whom the greater part of it was presented to Bowdoin College, Brunswick, Maine. Professor Manton Copeland, of this college, informs the writer that the walrus tusk is in their collection and bears the number FM20. It is badly shattered. The length is about 75 mm. The important matter concerning the remains of the walrus found at Gardiner is to determine when the animal lived there. It is to be assumed that the tusk had been buried in the Pleistocene clay at that locality. This appears to belong to the closing period of the Wisconsin stage, but there has been some dispute about its age. Packard (Mem. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., vol. I, pp. 245–246) gives a list of the species which had been found in the clay at Gardiner. These are nearly all invertebrates and indicate a climate somewhat colder than that now existing there. Whether the time when the walrus lived at Gardiner was before or after the culmination of the Wisconsin ice period, it was so long ago that those deposits of clay, made in sea-water of considerable depth, have since been lifted above sea-level to a height of perhaps 200 feet.