In 1897 (Proc. Amer. Philos. Soc., vol. XXXVI, pp. 36–70), Dr. H. C. Mercer gave a detailed account of his explorations in this cave. It is situated about a mile from the left bank of Caney Fork River, a mile above the mouth of a confluent called Dry Branch, and at an elevation of about 1,000 feet above sea-level. It is excavated in Carboniferous limestone and opens into what is known as “Beech Cove.” Thomas L. Bailey (“Resources of Tennessee,” vol. VIII, pp. 131–132) described it as being situated 3.5 miles south of Quebeck, near the head of a hollow or cove extending south from McElroy’s store. The latter is probably the locality put down on the topographic sheet of the quadrangle as Elroy. It is further said to be one branch of an extensive cave whose other branch is known as Arch Cave. Bigbone Cave is known to extend a distance of 3 miles. It appears that the cave had been exploited for saltpeter in the wars of 1776, 1812, and 1863 and immense amounts of the nitrous earth had been removed. Mercer found no bones until he had reached a small passage at a distance of 900 feet from the entrance. Here he found an epiphysis of a left humerus, 6 vertebræ, an astragalus, and a calcaneum of a sloth, evidently a young animal; and he concluded that they were probably parts of the same animal that Harlan had described many years before; also a part of a skeleton that had been found there in 1884, which is the one described by Safford. A remarkable feature of the bones of the young animal found in this cave, as noted by Harlan, Leidy, and Mercer, is the presence of some of the cartilage, some shreds of ligaments, and a part of the horny sheath of one claw. 2. _Lookout Mountain, Hamilton County._—In 1894 (Amer. Naturalist, vol. XXVIII, pp. 355–357), Dr. H. C. Mercer reported his work, done in 1893, in a cave situated on Lookout Mountain, near Chattanooga, Tennessee. In a brief report made June 4, 1896 (Dept. Amer. and Prehist. Archæol. Univ. Penn.), Mercer stated that this cave is on the left bank of Tennessee River, 0.25 mile below Chattanooga Creek. According to the report last quoted, the cave earth, “with its culture layer,” was removed by him to a distance of 58 feet from the entrance. According to the report of 1894, this was effected by digging 4 trenches, 6 feet 10 inches wide and with a depth of 3 feet, in two cases to rock bottom. Near the bottom of the deposit were found a jaw of _Tapirus haysii_ with teeth, and a jaw of a small _Mylodon_, identified as such by Professor E. D. Cope. A bone of the extinct peccary appears to have been found higher up in the layer of refuse. In a letter received by the writer in 1919, Doctor Mercer stated that later Cope expressed some doubt regarding the identity of the bone supposed to belong to _Mylodon_. A further reference to this cave and its contents will be found on page 396.