The Wild Goose varieties, now placed here, in the past have been
considered hybrids more closely resembling _Prunus hortulana_ than any
other species. But Wild Goose and some other varieties of its group are
not to be distinguished from _Prunus munsoniana_ and beyond question
belong in this species. The varieties in this division of Munsoniana
are largely seedlings of Wild Goose, each variety possibly with a
different male parent since Wild Goose seldom or never fruits unless
cross-fertilized. Thus, of these plums, twelve are known seedlings of
Wild Goose; seven others originated under cultivation; the origin of
fourteen is not known and it is not certain that any beside Wild Goose
came from wild plants. From such a record, and from the characters of
the plants, it is probable that some of the Wild Goose varieties are
horticultural hybrids, many of them from H. A. Terry of Iowa in whose
work, with many varieties of several species, hybridity was the rule.
Horticulturally, this is the most important group of native plums for
the South; it contains a greater number of cultivated varieties than
any other native species excepting _Prunus americana_, no less than
sixty sorts being listed in _The Plums of New York_, some of which
are deservedly the best known of the native plums for either home or
market use. For dessert or the kitchen they are particularly valuable,
having a sprightly vinous flavor making them very pleasant flavored to
eat out of hand or when cooked. Their bright colors, semi-transparent
skins and well-turned forms make them very attractive in appearance.
Considering the juiciness of most of the varieties, these plums ship and
keep well. Unfortunately nearly all of the varieties of this species
are clingstones. This group hybridizes more freely than any other of
the plums and there are a great number of promising hybrids of which
it is one of the parents. Of all plums, these are most in need of
cross-pollination, some of the varieties being nearly or, as in the case
of Wild Goose, wholly self-sterile. While these plums are especially
valuable in the Southern States, some of them are desirable in the North
as well, where all will grow at least as far north as central New York.
Plums of this species are occasionally but not often used as stocks. Some
recommend them for stocks for low or wet lands. The fact that _Prunus
munsoniana_ suckers very badly will probably preclude its use largely in
propagating.
The leading varieties under cultivation of this species are Arkansas,
Pottawattamie, Robinson, Newman, Wild Goose and Downing, all of which are
described in full and illustrated in colors in _The Plums of New York_.
The first four of these have in the past been referred by botanists
and pomologists to _Prunus angustifolia_ and the last two to _Prunus
hortulana_.
=20.= =PRUNUS MARITIMA= Marshall
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