The Poems of Philip Freneau, Poet of the American Revolution. Volume 1 (of 3)Freneau, Philip Morin
General
The Poems of Philip Freneau, Poet of the American Revolution. Volume 1 (of 3)
Freneau, Philip Morin
American poetry
How he at length deliberately turned from the muse of his choice, and
how after a long experience with the world of actual affairs he
exchanged his old poetic ideals for those of mere reason and common
sense, we have attempted to show.
Here was a man equipped by nature for a true poet, a man with a message,
yet dwarfed and transformed by his environment. America was not ready
for her singer. It took half a century more to make way in the
wilderness for the new message that had been whispered to Freneau in his
young manhood. Had he been a great world-poet, he would have been heard
despite all difficulties; he would have trampled down the barriers about
him and have compelled his age to listen, but the task was beyond him.
America, to this day, has produced no poet who single-handed and alone
could have performed such a labor of Hercules. Sadly Freneau turned to
other things.
He has never been adequately recognized. Had the first edition of his
poems, published the same year as the Kilmarnock edition of Burns, been
an English book, it long ago would have figured largely in the histories
of the romantic and naturalistic movement which made possible the great
outburst of the nineteenth century. That Freneau was the most
conspicuous pioneer in the dim romantic world that was to be explored by
Coleridge and Poe, we have already shown; that he was a pioneer in the
movement that succeeded in throwing off the chain forged by Pope is
evident to any one who will examine his early work. "The Wild Honey
Suckle," for instance, which was written in 1786, twelve years before
the "Lyrical Ballads," is as spontaneous and as free from Pope as
anything written by Wordsworth. It is a nature lyric written with the
eye upon the object, without recollection of other poetry, and it draws
from the humble flower a lesson for humanity in the true Wordsworthian
manner. Before Freneau, American poetry had been full of the eglantine,
the yew, the Babylonian willow, the lark--the flora and fauna of the
Hebrew and British bards. In our poet we find, for the first time, the
actual life of the American forest and field--the wild pink, the elm,
the wild honeysuckle, the pumpkin, the blackbird, the squirrel, the
partridge, "the loquacious whip-poor-will," and in addition to this the
varied life of the American tropic islands. We find for the first time
examples of that true poetic spirit that can find inspiration in humble
and even vulgar things; that, furthermore, can draw from lowly nature
and her commonplaces deep lessons for human life. Freneau sees the
reflection of the stars in the bosom of the river,
"But when the tide had ebbed away
The scene fantastic with it fled,
A bank of mud around me lay
And sea-weed on the river's bed,"
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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