The Polar World: A popular description of man and nature in the Arctic and Antarctic regions of the globeHartwig, G. (Georg)
History
The Polar World: A popular description of man and nature in the Arctic and Antarctic regions of the globe
Hartwig, G. (Georg)
Antarctica; Arctic peoples; Arctic regions; Natural history
But few of the Tungusi have been converted to Christianity, the
majority being still addicted to Shamanism. They do not like to bury
their dead, but place them, in their holiday dresses, in large chests,
which they hang up between two trees. The hunting apparatus of the
deceased is buried beneath the chest. No ceremonies are used on the
occasion, except when a Shaman happens to be in the neighborhood,
when a reindeer is sacrificed, on whose flesh the sorcerer and the
relations regale themselves, while the spirits to whom the animal is
supposed to be offered are obliged to content themselves with the smell
of the burnt fat. As among the Samoïedes or the Ostiaks, woman is a
marketable ware among the Tungusi. The father gives his daughter in
marriage for twenty or a hundred reindeer, or the bridegroom is obliged
to earn her hand by a long period of service.
In East Siberia the Tungusi divide with the Jakuts the task of
conveying goods or travellers through the forests, and afford the
stranger frequent opportunities for admiring their agility and
good-humor. On halting after a day’s journey, the reindeer are unpacked
in an instant, the saddles and the goods ranged orderly on the ground,
and the bridles collected and hung on branches of trees. The hungry
animals soon disappear in the thicket, where they are left to provide
for themselves. The men, who meanwhile have been busy with their axes,
drag a larch-tree or two to the place of encampment. The smaller
branches are lopped off and collected to serve as beds or seats upon
the snow, while the resinous wood of the larger trunks is soon kindled
into a lively fire. The kettle, filled with snow, is suspended from
a strong forked branch placed obliquely in the ground over the fire,
and in a few minutes the tea is ready--for the Tungusi proceed every
evening according to the same method, and are consequently as expert as
long and invariable practice can make them. Comfortably seated on his
reindeer saddle, the traveller may now amuse himself with the dances,
which the Tungusi accompany with an agreeable song; or if he choose to
witness their agility in athletic exercises, it only costs him a word
of encouragement, and a small donation of brandy. Two of the Tungusi
hold a rope, and swing it with all their might, so that it does not
touch the ground. Meanwhile a third Tunguse skips over the rope, picks
up a bow and arrow, spans the bow and shoots the arrow, without once
touching the rope. Some particularly bold and expert Tungusi will dance
over a sword which a person lying on his back on the ground is swinging
about with the greatest rapidity. Should our traveller be a friend of
chess, the Tungusi are equally at his service, as they are passionately
fond of this noblest of games, especially in the Kolymsk district. Like
all other Siberian nomads, they visit at least once a year the various
fairs which are held in the small towns scattered here and there
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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