The Political Doctrines of Sun Yat-sen: An Exposition of the San Min Chu ILinebarger, Paul Myron Anthony
History
The Political Doctrines of Sun Yat-sen: An Exposition of the San Min Chu I
Linebarger, Paul Myron Anthony
Sun, Yat-sen, 1866-1925. San min zhu yi
It is a work which cannot easily be summarized in a discussion of
political doctrines. Fully comparable in grandeur to the Russian
_Piatiletka_, it provides for a complete communication system including
all types of transport, the development of great ports, colonization and
reclamation projects, and the growth of vast industrial areas comparable
to the Donbas or the Kuzbas. The plan, while sound as a whole and not
inexpedient in detail, is not marked by that irregularity of proportion
which marks planning under capitalism; although not as fully worked out as
the later Russian projects, Sun’s plan, in 1922, was considerably more
advanced than any Russian plan of that time. Sun shared with Lenin a
passionate conviction of the inevitable necessity of industrialization;
but while Lenin saw in industrialism the strengthening of that
revolutionary bulwark, the proletariat, Sun believed in industrialism as a
benefit to the whole nation.
This plan is the obvious fruit of Sun’s advocacy of the adoption of the
Western physical sciences. Here there is little trace of his ideological
consistency with the old premises of Chinese society. He does not
challenge them, but he does present a concrete plan which refers only
incidentally to the political or the ideological. It is heavy with the
details of industrial revolution. Sun Yat-sen’s enthusiasm shows clearly
through the pages of this work; he wrote it at a time when his health was
still comparatively good, and when he was not harassed by the almost
explosive dynamics of the situation such as that in which he delivered the
sixteen lectures on the _San Min Chu I_. Here the practical aspects of his
thinking show forth, his willingness to consider and debate, the profound
and quiet enthusiasm for concrete projects which animated him and which
was so infectious among his followers.
It were, of course, unfeasable to attempt any detailed description and
assessment of the plan.(309) The great amount of point by point
elaboration worked over by Sun Yat-sen in order to make his plan appealing
precludes the consideration of any one project in detail as a sample.
Failing this, the magnitude of the plan may be gauged by a recapitulation
of the chief points in each of his programs. It must be remembered,
however, that each one of these subheads might necessitate hundreds of
millions of dollars for execution, involving the building of several
industrial cities or the reconstruction of a whole industry throughout the
country. The printing industry, for example, not even mentioned in the
general outline given below, was discussed as follows:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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