The Popular Science Monthly, June, 1900: Vol. 57, May, 1900 to October, 1900Various
Science
The Popular Science Monthly, June, 1900: Vol. 57, May, 1900 to October, 1900
Various
Science -- Periodicals; Technology -- Periodicals
It will be readily understood from this explanation that tests made
at the gas works, or even at points arbitrarily selected at a certain
distance from these works, are hardly calculated to satisfy the
consumer. For this reason I have preferred, in conducting these tests,
to sacrifice to some degree the accuracy that obtains in laboratory
experiments, in order to test gas samples _taken from the main directly
in front of the complainant’s own premises_. I argue that the consumer
cares little or nothing as to whether the gas as manufactured complies
with the law, or whether tests made at a point perhaps a mile away
from the works show the required candle power; but that he does want
to know what is the quality of the gas passing in at his service pipe.
The method of collecting and transporting to a laboratory the gas
samples enables one to say with positiveness that the gas at the point
of complaint has an illuminating power of at least so many candles,
and that it may be even one candle better than the tests indicate. The
figures thus obtained range from twenty and a half to twenty-five. So,
then, the gas _delivered to the consumer_ is not ‘poor.’
Hygienic reasons demand that the impurities in the gas shall not exceed
a definite percentage. Whatever effect these impurities may have upon
the candle power has been covered by the tests above explained, so that
any further consideration of these impurities may be omitted here.
It is always a difficult matter to convince an indignant householder
that the quality of the gas supplied to him is satisfactory. He knows
perfectly well that he is not getting the desired result, and no
explanation, however elaborate, as to candle power will placate him,
unless it be supplemented by a further statement detailing the cause
of the trouble. When you are trying to draw water in the bathroom
while the cook is filling the washtubs in the basement, do you say the
water is ‘poor’? Why, then, should you characterize the gas as ‘poor,’
when people nearer to the gas works than you are happen to be drawing
heavily upon the common gas main? Imagine, if you please, a long gas
main, with consumers tapping in at points throughout its entire length,
and with a gas holder forcing the gas in at one end. Since there is
a loss of pressure, caused by the transmission, it follows that the
pressure will be higher at the gas holder than anywhere else along the
line, the _difference_ in pressure depending, roughly, upon the size
and length of the pipe and upon the amount of gas flowing. Now, for any
one customer the size and length of pipe will remain constant, but the
flow of gas along the line will vary from hour to hour, consequently
the pressure at his house may be expected to vary from hour to hour.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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