Botany; Geotropism; Plants -- Irritability and movements
(8.) Radicle 12 mm. long, card affixed almost laterally: after 9 h.
deflected laterally in a plane at right angles to that of the bean
between 40° and 50° from the vertical and from the card. In the plane
of the bean itself the deflection amounted to 8° or 9° from the
vertical and from the card, in opposition to Sachs’ curvature. After 22
h. 30 m. the extreme tip had become slightly curved towards the card.
(9.) Card fixed laterally: after 11 h. 30 m. no effect, the radicle
being still almost vertical.
(10.) Card fixed almost laterally: after 11 h. 30 m. deflected 90° from
the vertical and from the card, in a plane intermediate between that of
the bean itself and one at right
angles to it. Radicle consequently partially deflected from Sachs’
curvature.
(11.) Tip of radicle protected with goldbeaters’ skin, with a square of
card of the usual dimensions affixed with shellac: after 11 h. greatly
deflected in the plane of the bean, in the direction of Sachs’
curvature, but to a much greater degree and in less time than ever
occurs spontaneously.
(12.) Tip of radicle protected as in last case: after 11 h. no effect,
but after 24 h. 40 m. radicle clearly deflected from the card. This
slow action was probably due to a portion of the goldbeaters’ skin
having curled round and lightly touched the opposite side of the tip
and thus irritated it.
(13.) A radicle of considerable length had a small square of card fixed
with shellac to its apex laterally: after only 7 h. 15 m. a length of
.4 of an inch from the apex, measured along the middle, was
considerably curved from the side bearing the card.
(14.) Case like the last in all respects, except that a length of only
.25 of an inch of the radicle was thus deflected.
(15.) A small square of card fixed with shellac to the apex of a young
radicle; after 9 h. 15 m. deflected through 90° from the perpendicular
and from the card. After 24 h. deflection much decreased, and after an
additional day, reduced to 23° from the perpendicular.
(16.) Square of card fixed with shellac behind the apex of a radicle,
which from its position having been changed during growth had become
very crooked; but the terminal portion was straight, and this became
deflected to about 45° from the perpendicular and from the card, in
opposition to Sachs’ curvature.
(17.) Square of card affixed with shellac: after 8 h. radicle curved at
right angles from the perpendicular and from the card. After 15
additional hours curvature much decreased.
(18.) Square of card affixed with shellac: after 8 h. no effect; after
23 h. 3 m. from time of affixing, radicle much curved from the square.
(19.) Square of card affixed with shellac: after 24 h. no effect, but
the radicle had not grown well and seemed sickly.
(20.) Square of card affixed with shellac: after 24 h. no effect.
(21, 22.) Squares of card affixed with shellac: after 24 h. radicles of
both curved at about 45° from the perpendicular and from the cards.
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