194. Nicholas IV. Jerome, a native of Ascoli, brother minor, cardinal, bishop of Palestrina, elected pope in 1288, died 4th April, 1292 Vacancy of two years. 195. St. Celestine V. Peter Mouron, a native of Isernia in the kingdom of Naples, elected pope at Perugia, 5th July 1294, consecrated 24th Aug. following, abdicated 13th Dec. of the same year, and died 19th May, 1296 196. Boniface VIII. Cajatan, a native of Anagni, cardinal legate, elected pope 24th December 1294, consecrated 2d January, 1295, died October 1303 Proscription of the family of Colonna. Quarrels with the king of France, Philip the Fair. FOURTEENTH CENTURY. 197. Benedict XI. Nicholas Bocasin, of Treviso, the son of a shepherd; ninth general of the Dominicans, cardinal bishop of Ostia, elected pope 22d Oct. 1303, and crowned the 37th, died at Perugia the 6th or 7th of July, 1304 A vacancy of eleven months 198. Clement V. Bertrand de Gotte, born at Villandran in the diocese of Bourdeaux, bishop of Comminges, elected pope at Perngia the 5th of June, 1305, crowned at Lyons the 14th Nov. of same year, died at Roquemaur near Avignon, the 20th April, 1314 The Holy See transferred to Avignon, suppression of the Templars.—Excommunication of the Venetians.—Clementines, Council of Vienna, 15th œcumenical, in 1311. From Clement V. to John XXII. an in− terregnum of two years. 199. John XX, James d’Euse, born at Cahors, cardinal, bishop of Porto, elected pope at Lyons the 7th of Aug. 1316, died 4th Dec. 1334 Excommunication of the emperor Louis of Bavaria. Peter de Corbieres, a Franciscan, anti− pope under the name of Nicholas V. Treasures of John XXII.—His 4 extravagants. 200. Benedict XII. James Fournier, born at Laver− dun, in the county of Foix, cardinal, elected pope 20th Dec. 1334, crowned at Avignon 8th January 1335, died 25th Apr. 1342 Pragmatic Sanction of the Germans 201. Clement VI. Peter Roger, born in the diocese of Limoges, a monk of the Chaiae—Dieu, archbishop of Rouen, cardinal, elected pope 7th May, 1342 and crowned the 19th, died at Villeneuve, near Avignon, 6th Dec. 1352 Anathemas against Louis of Bavaria.— Joan II. queen of Naples, sells Avignon to the pope, &c.