The practical housewife : $b A complete encyclopædia of domestic economy and family medical guidePhilp, Robert Kemp
General
The practical housewife : $b A complete encyclopædia of domestic economy and family medical guide
Philp, Robert Kemp
Formulas, recipes, etc.; Home economics; Medicine, Popular
Perhaps few of our readers are aware of the extraordinary wastefulness
of our usual processes for obtaining artificial heat; at the most
moderate computation, seven-eighths of the warmth produced by an open
fire, pass up the chimney, and are entirely useless; and according to
other estimates, which we regard as being nearer the truth, fourteen
parts out of every fifteen are thus uselessly wasted. In no other
civilized country in the world, except in England, is such an enormous
waste of fuel allowed; nor would it be the case here, were it not that
the comparatively low price of fuel, from the abundance of coal, has led
to the extravagance. It may be asked, what are the defects of a common
fire-place that render it so wasteful, and in what way is the heat
carried off? In reply it may be stated, that one-half the heat produced
passes away with the smoke and heated air arising from the fire, a
quarter is carried up by the draught of cold air from the room, which,
flowing around the fire and between it and the mantel-piece, rises with
the smoke. Again, the soot which passes away is unburned fuel, and is,
therefore, useless; and a large portion of heat is thrown downwards
on to the ashes, and is wasted; whilst the iron, of which the grates
are generally made, conveys away a very considerable quantity. On the
continent of Europe, where the cold in winter is much more intense than
in this country, and where fuel is considerably dearer than with us, the
production of heat is more economically managed—stoves of very admirable
construction being constantly had recourse to, both for the purpose of
producing warmth and for cookery. It is to the latter application of heat
that we must mainly confine ourselves in this paper, and having been at
some considerable pains in examining the various stoves and ranges now
to be obtained in this country, we place the results of our experience
before our readers.
The cooking-stove common on the continent, consists of an enclosed
fire-pan, with a grating below and a lid at the top for the supply of
fuel; this is enclosed in an oven, supported on the floor of the room
by feet, and which is heated by the warmth thrown out by the sides of
the fire-pan, and also by a flue spreading over the top, which is thus
heated; whilst the upper surface of the flue forms a hot plate, on which
many saucepans, &c., can be kept boiling, and any vessel can also be
placed over the fire by the removal of the lid. As the draught is under
perfect control, the fuel is slowly consumed; and the stove affords means
of baking, boiling, frying, and stewing, at a very small expense.
Some years since, a modification of this contrivance was introduced here,
under the title of the Bruges Stove, by Messrs. Cottam & Hallam, Oxford
Street. But it had one deficiency, which, in English eyes, overwhelmed
all its advantages, viz., that no fire was visible, and also that
boiling, toasting, and roasting, were, not to be performed by its means.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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