There only remains one other form of madness to be considered, _mania_, properly so called, or raving madness; but as this is a subject so distinct from all the other forms of temporary aberration; is induced by so many and contrary causes; and demands a course of treatment so distinct, that it would be unnecessary to do more than give the general symptoms, and indicate the broad principles on which the treatment is based; all patients so affected, both for their own comfort and to further the chance of their recovery, are treated in establishments specially adapted for the purpose. There are many cases of confirmed madness, where the patient is neither raving nor furious, but in which more or less of the same symptoms are common to that condition: these are, delirium without fever, flushed face, and wild expression of countenance, sharp pains in the head, ringing in the ears, rolling and flashing eyes, grinding of the teeth, loud roarings, and violent muscular exertions, rooted antipathies to objects and places formerly beloved or attached to, insensibility or indifference to heat and cold, hunger, thirst, or watching, and attended throughout by a quick, full, and hard pulse. A remarkable peculiarity with all maniacs is, that periodically, or once a month, or at the full of the moon, all the symptoms are exaggerated, and occasionally a perfect remission of the symptoms, the patient enjoying lucid intervals; from this periodicity they are called lunatics. The _treatment_ consists in carrying out the three following objects, each indication, as it is called, requiring a distinct treatment: first, to gain a perfect command over the maniac; secondly, to divert his mind from the existing train of thought; and thirdly, to diminish the preternatural action of the brain. INSANITY.