In the various fevers where hydrotherapeutic measures are employed, the object to be gained by such methods is not primarily an anti-thermic one but an anti-febrile reaction; consequently the use of cold water is employed. In mere heat reduction the warmer water would be more effective; but by the aid of the colder water the cause of the increased temperature, as in infectious fevers, is lessened; besides a refreshing and stimulating effect upon the entire system is gained. Thus the aim of the cold bath and friction, is not primarily to subdue the temperature by heat radiation or evaporation, but to correct disturbances governing the formation and the dissipation of heat caused by infectious fevers, and, moreover, to stimulate the nervous system, prevent heart failure, increase the eliminating power of the skin, kidneys and lungs, and to influence the corpuscular and chemical constituents of the blood to a more normal condition. The full cold bath and friction (Brand Method) is commonly employed in infectious fevers. The half bath, wet pack, or sponging may be used. The modus operandi of each is given under the hydrotherapeutic treatment of typhoid fever. Typhoid Fever (ENTERIC FEVER) In writing of these acute diseases which are self-limiting, it is understood that osteopathy aborts, overcomes symptoms and otherwise changes conditions frequently. When this occurs the case is not typical and it is a typical case which is here described. =Definition.=—An acute, infectious disease caused by the bacillus typhosus. It is characterized anatomically by hyperplasia and definite lesions of Peyer’s patches and mesenteric glands, and enlargement of the spleen, and clinically by its slow onset, often diarrhea, abdominal tenderness, tympanites, fever, headache, and rose colored spots on the abdomen.