The Preparation of Plantation RubberMorgan, Sidney
Science
The Preparation of Plantation Rubber
Morgan, Sidney
Rubber
"YELLOW LATEX" STREAKS.--This appearance of "yellow-latex" streaks in not
common, and may be accounted for by incomplete mixture of two different
latices. It is a fact of common observation that, when a new portion of
bark is being tapped for the first time, there is a distinct yellow tinge
in the latex excluded. As tapping progresses, this colour vanishes; usually
it may persist for a period varying from two weeks to more than a month.
Should this latex be poured into ordinary latex without thorough mixing, it
is sometimes found that, when the crepe rubber is dry, there are distinct
yellow streaks. It should be remembered that, as the rubber content of the
latex from first tappings is high, this latex is lighter than latex which
is more dilute, so that the mixed latices must be well stirred with a broad
paddle to obtain intimate mixture. It would be much better to keep yellow
latex apart, and coagulate it separately, if at all possible. In such case
the resultant crepe may be of a distinct canary yellow in tint.
In scrap-crepes of the higher grade this distinct yellow colour is often
visible in streaks which indicate the presence of tree-scrap, etc.,
obtained from recently opened tapping areas.
BISULPHITE STREAKS.--These, again, arise from defective mixing. In the dry
rubber it is seen that there are streaks of colourless rubber in a general
mass, which may be of varying shades of yellow; or, a length of exceedingly
pale rubber is apparently streaked in patches with a darker shade of
colour. A solution of sodium bisulphite is heavier than latex, and there
would be a tendency, therefore, for the chemical to sink in the large
mixing jar. Unless stirring is thorough it is possible that portions of the
latex would not be in contact with sodium bisulphite while others receive
more than a fair share. Especially would this effect be seen where
coagulation takes place quickly, and experience bears out the truth of the
suggestion. Another factor which has some bearing on the point is the
strength of solution in which sodium bisulphite is used. In the ordinary
course of working, the acid coagulant is added immediately after sodium
bisulphite has been stirred in. Should a strong solution of the bisulphite
be used, and if coagulation takes place quickly, it is easy to see that the
possibilities of obtaining a uniform and intimate mixture are small.
Probably in no factory is the sodium bisulphite now added to latex in
powder form, but it has been found that if care is not taken to see that
all the bisulphite has dissolved before the solution is added to latex
streaks may result in the dry rubber. The undissolved particles sink to the
bottom of the coagulating jar or tank, and there slowly dissolve, forming
local strong solutions. The effect upon the rubber in the vicinity of these
strong solutions is much more marked than in the bulk of the coagulum, and
hence lighter streaks or patches appear in the dry rubber. In spite of
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