The Press-Gang Afloat and AshoreHutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
History
The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore
Hutchinson, J. R. (John Robert)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Impressment
According to the "Humble Petition of Grace Blackmore of Stratford le
Bow, widow," on Friday the 29th of May, in an unknown year of Queen
Anne's reign, "there came to Bow ffaire severall pretended pressmasters,
endeavouring to impress." A tumult ensued. Murder was freely "cryed
out," apparently with good reason, for in the mêlée petitioner's
husband, then constable of Bow, was "wounded soe that he shortly after
dyed." [Footnote: _State Papers Domestic,_ Anne, xxxvi. No. 17.]
There were occasions when the sham gang operated under cover of a real
press-warrant, and for this the Admiralty was directly to blame. It had
become customary at the Navy Office to send out warrants, whether to
commanders of ships or to Regulating Captains, in blank, the person
to whom the warrant was directed filling in the name for himself. Such
warrants were frequently stolen and put to irregular uses, and of this a
remarkable instance occurred in 1755.
In that year one Nicholas Cooke, having by some means obtained
possession of such a warrant, "filled up the blank thereof by directing
it to himself, by the name and description of Lieutenant Nicholas Cooke,
tho' in truth not a Lieutenant nor an Officer in His Majesty's Navy,"
hired a vessel--the _Providence_ snow of Dublin--and in her cruised the
coasts of Ireland, pressing men. After thus raising as many as he could
carry, he shaped his course for Liverpool, no doubt intending, on his
arrival at that port, to sell his unsuspecting victims to the merchant
ships in the Mersey at so much a head. Through bad seamanship, however,
the vessel was run aground at Seacombe, opposite to Liverpool, and Capt.
Darby, of H.M.S. _Seahorse_, perceiving her plight, and thinking to
render assistance in return for perhaps a man or two, took boat and
rowed across to her. To his astonishment he found her full of Irishmen
to the number of seventy-three, whom he immediately pressed and removed
to his own ship. The circumstance of the false warrant now came to
light, and with it another, of worse omen for the mock lieutenant. In
the hold a quantity of undeclared spirits was discovered, and this fact
afforded the Admiralty a handle they were not slow to avail themselves
of. They put the Excise Officers on the scent, and Cooke was prosecuted
for smuggling. [Footnote: _Admiralty Records_ 7. 298--Law Officers'
Opinions, 1733-56, No. 101.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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