Sixty to ninety feet in height, one to three feet in diameter. Reddish blossoms and bark on branchlets. Leaves in twos from long sheaths. A tall, straight tree. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Thin heartwood light red, sapwood yellow to white. Numerous pronounced medullary rays. Structural Qualities of Wood. Light, hard, elastic, not durable, resinous. Representative Uses of Wood. Piles, telegraph poles, masts, flooring, and wainscoting. Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 31 (U. S. Forestry Div.).[80] 30. Modulus of Elasticity. 1,620,000 (average of 100 tests by U. S. Forestry Division).[80] 1,600,000. Modulus of Rupture. 9,100 (average of 95 tests by U. S. Forestry Div.).[80] 12,500. Remarks. Sometimes commercially handled with white pine. Unimportant as regards turpentine and resin, in spite of specific name, which signifies resinous. Long sheaths enable children to make chains of leaves. [p144] FOOTNOTE [Footnote 80: See page 6.] PITCH PINE. _Pinus rigida Mill._ Nomenclature. (Sudworth.) Pitch Pine (local and common name). Longleaved Pine, Longschat Pine (Del.). Hard Pine (Mass.). Yellow Pine (Pa.). Black Pine (N. C.). Black Norway Pine. Rigid Pine, Sap Pine. Locality. Atlantic coast, Canada to Georgia, Kentucky. Features of Tree. Forty to sometimes eighty feet in height, one to sometimes three feet in diameter. Rigid flattened leaves in threes from short sheaths. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Heartwood light brown or red, thick sapwood yellow to nearly white. Coarse conspicuous grain, compact structure, very resinous. Structural Qualities of Wood. Light, soft, not strong, brittle. Representative Uses of Wood. Coarse lumber, fuel, charcoal. Weight of Seasoned Wood in Pounds per Cubic Foot. 32. Modulus of Elasticity. 820,000. Modulus of Rupture. 10,500. Remarks. Rigida refers to rigid leaves. The name "Pitch Pine" is sometimes applied to all of the Southern pines. The name is yet more widely applied in foreign markets. Sometimes called Fat Pine. [p145] NORTHERN PINE, SCOTCH PINE, DANTZIC PINE. _Pinus sylvestris Linn._ Nomenclature. Dantzic Fir (from place of shipment). Rigi Fir (from place of shipment). Memel Fir (from place of shipment). Stettin Fir (from place of shipment). Swedish Fir. Scots or Scottish Fir. Northern Fir. Redwood, Yellowwood. Deal (Local). Locality. Widespread in Europe, as Scotland, Germany, and Russia; also Asia. Naturalized in United States. Features of Tree. Fifty to one hundred feet in height, two to five feet in diameter; sometimes larger. Color, Appearance, or Grain of Wood. Heartwood reddish white to yellowish white, sapwood similar. Even straight grain (varies with locality). Structural Qualities of Wood. Moderately light, hard, tough, and elastic, easily worked (varies with locality). Representative Uses of Wood.