$$ \delta(g^{\mu\nu} \Gamma^{\beta}_{\nu\alpha}) = - \frac{1}{2}
\delta \begin{bmatrix}g^{\mu\nu} & g^{\beta\lambda}\end{bmatrix}
(\frac{\partial g_{\nu\lambda}}{\partial x_{\alpha}} +
\frac{\partial g_{\alpha\lambda}}{\partial x_{\nu}} - \frac{\partial
g_{\alpha\nu}}{\partial x_{\lambda}}) $$
The terms arising out of the two last terms within the round bracket are
of different signs, and change into one another by the interchange of
the indices μ and β. They cancel each other in the expression for δH,
when they are multiplied by Γ_{μβ}^{α}, which is symmetrical with
respect to μ and β, so that only the first member of the bracket remains
for our consideration. Remembering (31), we thus have:—
δH = -Γ_{μβ}^{α} Γ_{να}^{β} δ_g_^{μν} + Γ_{μβ}^{α} δ_g__{α}^{μβ}
Therefore
(48)
∂H/∂_g_^{μν} = -Γ_{μβ}^{α} Γ_{να}^{β}
∂H/∂_g__{σ}^{μν} = Γ_{μν}^{σ}
If we now carry out the variations in (47a), we obtain the system of
equations
(47b) ∂/∂_x__{α} ( ∂H/∂_g__{α}^{μν} ) - ∂H/∂_g_^{μν} = 0,
which, owing to the relations (48), coincide with (47), as was required
to be proved.
If (47b) is multiplied by _g__{σ}^{μν}, since
∂_g__{σ}^{μν}/∂_x__{α} = ∂_g__{α}^{μν}/∂_x__{σ}
and consequently
_g__{σ}^{μν} ∂/∂_x__{α} (∂H/∂_g__{α}^{μν}) = ∂/∂_x__{α}
(_g__{σ}^{μν} ∂H/∂_g__{α}^{μν})
- ∂H/∂_g__{α}^{μν} ∂_g__{α}^{μν}/∂_x__{σ}
we obtain the equation
∂/∂_x__{α} (_g__{σ}^{μν} ∂H/∂_g__{α}^{μν}) - ∂H/∂_x__{σ} = 0
or
{ ∂_t__{σ}^α/∂_x__{α} = 0
(49) { -2κ_t__{σ}^{α} = _g__{σ}^{μν} ∂H/∂_g__{α}^{μν} - δ_{σ}^{α} H.
Owing to the relations (48), the equations (47) and (34),
(50) κ_t__{σ}^{α} = ½ δ_{σ}^{α} _g_^{μν} Γ_{μβ}^{α} Γ_{να}^{β}
- _g_^{μν} Γ_{μβ}^{α} Γ_{νσ}^{β}.
It is to be noticed that _t__{σ}^{α} is not a tensor, so that the
equation (49) holds only for systems for which √-_g_ = 1. This equation
expresses the laws of conservation of impulse and energy in a
gravitation-field. In fact, the integration of this equation over a
three-dimensional volume V leads to the four equations
(49a) _d_/_dx₄_ {∫_t__{σ}^4 _d_V} = ∫(_t__{σ}^1 α₁
+ _t__{σ}² α₂ + _t__{σ}³ α₃)_d_S
where α₁, α₂, α₂ are the direction-cosines of the inward-drawn normal to
the surface-element _d_S in the Euclidean Sense. We recognise in this
the usual expression for the laws of conservation. We denote the
magnitudes _t_^α_{σ} as the energy-components of the gravitation-field.
I will now put the equation (47) in a third form which will be very
serviceable for a quick realisation of our object. By multiplying the
field-equations (47) with _g_^{νσ}, these are obtained in the mixed
forms. If we remember that
_g_^{νσ} ∂Γ^α_{μν}/∂_x__{α} = ∂/∂_x__{α} (_g_^{νσ} Γ^α_{μν}) -
∂_g_^{νσ}/∂_x__{α} Γ^α_{μν},
which owing to (34) is equal to
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