The principles and practice of modern surgeryPark, Roswell
Science
The principles and practice of modern surgery
Park, Roswell
Surgery
Virus obtained from the brain or cord and inoculated into the dura
of another animal quickly precipitates the disease. It is, moreover,
modified in virulence as it passes through successive animals of
certain species--for example, monkeys. It is increased by passage
through rabbits, and the period of incubation thereby shortened.
The weakest virus can by proper handling and manipulation in this
way be so intensified as to produce disease within seven days after
inoculation. Desiccation reduces the virulence, and preparations from
the cord of an infected animal may be attenuated to almost any desired
extent by drying. By inoculating a dog or a rabbit with virus prepared
from this weakened source, and daily making injections from stronger
and stronger preparations, it is in the course of a couple of weeks
rendered practically immune to the disease. Animals thus made immune
are trephined and the virus injected beneath the dura, by which more
certain results are obtained. The treatment consists in using a section
of a rabbit’s spinal cord, 0.5 Cm. in length, rubbed up in 6 Cc. of
sterile salt solution. Half of this amount is injected each day into
the flank of the patient. The cord first used is one that is thirteen
or fourteen days old, which has been kept suspended in a sterile flask,
over caustic potash, in order to assist in its desiccation. The next
day a cord one day younger is used, and so on until by the twelfth day
of treatment the cord is one only two days old, and at the end of two
weeks a fresh cord can be used which would convey the disease had it
been used first. If this course of treatment can be carried through
before the first symptoms of the disease appear, the antidote has
gained complete mastery over the infecting agent and the patient is
saved.
GLANDERS AND FARCY.
Glanders as it is known in man is a _specific infectious disease,
transmitted usually from the horse, characterized by rapid formation of
specific granulomas_, particularly in the skin and mucous membranes,
_which quickly break down into ulcers_, and by the general toxemia
characteristic of any acute infection. In German it is known as _Rotz_,
in French as _morve_, while its old Latin name was “malleus” (hence
we speak of the _bacillus mallei_). It was also known in former days
as _equinia_. In horses the disease has also been known as _farcy_,
because of the peculiar subcutaneous nodules which farriers and
hostlers, almost from time immemorial, have called “farcy buds.” The
disease, while capable of transmission from man to man, is generally
produced by contagion from some of the domestic animals, most commonly
the horse, although sheep and goats are known to occasionally have it,
and dogs are susceptible, though seldom showing manifestations of it.
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