=Treatment.=--As long as the patient is not in the desperate condition just described the prognosis and outlook for treatment are promising, as all the milder manifestations of scurvy can be dispersed by suitable feeding and medication. Loss of teeth and cicatrices of ulcers leave permanent traces, but function can be restored. The _purpura_ is but one expression of the scorbutic condition. Nearly all cases of scurvy will present purpuric manifestations, but all cases of purpura are not necessarily scorbutic. The course of treatment may be summed up in proper diet and in the administration of certain drugs. _Proper diet_ should be prescribed at once, but administered, especially in severe cases, _with extreme caution_. The food selected should be given in small quantities, but frequently. It should consist in large measure of fresh fruits and vegetables, while cranberries and lime-juice figure largely among the former. Buttermilk is excellent, and cider may be allowed; also lemonade, with but little sugar. [Illustration: PLATE XI FIG. 1 Rickets. Rib. Very low power. (Gaylord and Aschoff.) FIG. 2 Rickets. Flat Bone of Skull (Craniotabes). (Karg and Schmorl.)] For the local condition in the mouth an antiseptic mouth-wash containing a fair proportion of hydrogen dioxide is advisable. Alcoholic stimulants are called for, at least up to a certain point. Strychnine and cinchona preparations will give force to the heart’s action, and the horizontal position, for a time at least, will prevent sudden heart failure. Compound syrup of the hypophosphites, with meat preparations, will supply lacking material, while the hemorrhagic manifestations are best controlled by the fluid extract of ergot and aromatic sulphuric acid, separately or combined. Particular attention should be given to cleanliness and fresh air. =Infantile Scorbutus.=--Infantile scorbutus sometimes furnishes the surgeon with very young patients who are brought to him especially for disability of the limbs, with pain and fretfulness, leading to immobility, followed by enlargement of the lower ends of the femurs (due to subperiosteal hemorrhages) with fixation by muscle spasm; this may be followed by “spontaneous” fractures. The gums will show the same changes as are seen in adults, while subcutaneous hemorrhages and infiltrated muscles, with foul breath, ashen pallor, listlessness and apathy, and perhaps several swollen joints, will complete an unmistakable picture. Fresh milk with orange-juice in small amounts between feedings, combined with more strictly surgical measures if needed, will secure good results in these little patients. RICKETS. Rickets, or _rachitis_, is another of the diathetic conditions, in this instance not yet considered of parasitic origin, most commonly occurring in infancy and early childhood, although its resulting lesions may persist throughout life. It is characterized by nutritional disturbances and organic irregularities.