The Principles of Biology, Volume 2 (of 2)Spencer, Herbert
Science
The Principles of Biology, Volume 2 (of 2)
Spencer, Herbert
Biology
But unstable molecules which, in being isomerically transformed, do not
absorb motion, and still more those which, in being so transformed,
give out motion, will readily propagate any molecular agitation; since
they will pass on the impulse either undiminished, or increased, to
adjacent molecules. If then we assume, as we are not only warranted
in doing but are obliged to do, that protoplasm contains two or more
colloids, either mingled or feebly combined (since it cannot consist of
simple albumen or fibrin or casein, or any allied proximate principle);
it may be concluded that any molecular agitation set up by what we call
a stimulus, will diffuse itself further along some lines than along
others, if the components of the protoplasm are not quite homogeneously
dispersed, and if some of them are isomerically transformed more
easily, or with less expenditure of motion, than others; and it will
especially travel along spaces occupied chiefly by those molecules
which give out molecular motion during their metamorphoses, if there
should be any such. But now let us ask what structural effects
will be wrought along a tract traversed by this wave of molecular
disturbance. As is shown by those transformations which so rapidly
propagate themselves through colloids, molecules that have undergone a
certain change of form, are apt to communicate a like change of form
to adjacent molecules of the same kind--the impact of each overthrow
is passed on and produces another overthrow. Probably the proneness
towards isochronism of molecular movements necessitates this. If any
molecule has had its components re-arranged, and their oscillations
consequently altered, there result movements not concordant with the
movements in adjacent untransformed molecules, but which, impressing
themselves on the parts of such untransformed molecules, tend to
generate in them concordant movements--tend, that is, to produce
the re-arrangements involved by these concordant movements. Is this
action limited to strictly isomeric substances? or may it extend to
substances that are closely-allied? If along with the molecules of
a compound colloid there are mingled those of some kindred colloid;
or if with the molecules of this compound colloid there are mingled
the components out of which other such molecules may be formed; then
there arises the question--does the same influence which tends to
propagate the isomeric transformations, tend also to form new molecules
of the same kind out of the adjacent components? There is reason to
suspect that it does. Already when treating of the nutrition of parts
(§ 64), it was pointed out that we are obliged to recognize a power
possessed by each tissue to build up, out of the materials brought
to it, molecules of the same type as those of which it is formed.
This building up of like molecules seems explicable as caused by the
tendency of the new components which the blood supplies, to acquire
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