The Principles of Biology, Volume 2 (of 2)Spencer, Herbert
Science
The Principles of Biology, Volume 2 (of 2)
Spencer, Herbert
Biology
§ 314. In all which universal laws, we find ourselves again brought
down to the persistence of force, as the deepest knowable cause of
those modifications which constitute physiological development; as
it is the deepest knowable cause of all other evolution. Here, as
elsewhere, the perpetual lapse from less to greater heterogeneity,
the perpetual begetting of secondary modifications by each primary
modification, and the perpetual approach to a temporary balance on the
way towards a final balance, are necessary implications of the ultimate
fact that force cannot disappear but can only change its form.
It is an unquestionable deduction from the persistence of force, that
in every individual organism each new incident force must work its
equivalent of change; and that where it is a constant or recurrent
force, the limit of the change it works must be an adaptation of
structure such as opposes to the new outer force an equal inner force.
The only thing open to question is, whether such re-adjustment is
inheritable; and further consideration will, I think, show, that to say
it is not inheritable is indirectly to say that force does not persist.
If all parts of an organism have their functions co-ordinated into a
moving equilibrium, such that every part perpetually influences all
other parts, and cannot be changed without initiating changes in all
other parts--if the limit of change is the establishment of a complete
harmony among the movements, molecular and other, of all parts; then
among other parts that are modified, molecularly or otherwise, must
be those which cast off the germs of new organisms. The molecules of
their produced germs must tend ever to conform the motions of their
components, and therefore the arrangements of their components, to the
molecular forces of the organism as a whole; and if this aggregate of
molecular forces be modified in its distribution by a local change
of structure, the molecules of the germs must be gradually changed
in the motions and arrangements of their components, until they are
re-adjusted to the aggregate of molecular forces.
CHAPTER X^A.
THE INTEGRATION OF THE ORGANIC WORLD.
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