The Principles of Chemistry, Volume IIMendeleyev, Dmitry Ivanovich
Science
The Principles of Chemistry, Volume II
Mendeleyev, Dmitry Ivanovich
Argon; Chemistry; Periodic law
by the determination of its specific heat, (0·057 according to
Bunsen, and 0·055 according to me) and also by the fact that
indium forms alums like aluminium, and therefore belongs to the
same group.
The same kind of considerations necessitated taking the atomic
weight of titanium as nearly 48, and not as 52, the figure derived
from many analyses. And both these corrections, made on the basis
of the law, have now been confirmed, for Thorpe found, by a series
of careful experiments, the atomic weight of titanium to be that
foreseen by the periodic law. Notwithstanding that previous
analyses gave Os = 199·7, Ir = 198, and Pt = 187, the periodic law
shows, as I remarked in 1871, that the atomic weights should rise
from osmium to platinum and gold, and not fall. Many recent
researches, and especially those of Seubert, have fully verified
this statement, based on the law. Thus a true law of nature
anticipates facts, foretells magnitudes, gives a hold on nature,
and leads to improvements in the methods of research, &c.
6. As a true law of nature is one to which there are no exceptions, the
periodic dependence of the properties on the atomic weights of the
elements gives a _new means for determining by the equivalent the atomic
weight_ or atomicity of imperfectly investigated but known elements, for
which no other means could as yet be applied for determining the true
atomic weight. At the time (1869) when the periodic law was first
proposed there were several such elements. It thus became possible to
learn their true atomic weights, and these were verified by later
researches. Among the elements thus concerned were indium, uranium,
cerium, yttrium, and others.
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