_Eucalyptus globulus_, and other species of _E._ common in Australia, and introduced into Algeria and Southern Europe (gum-trees), are more or less rich in catechol-tannins, their sap being the source of Botany Bay or Australian kinos, which contain up to 79 per cent. tannin. Several species of _Eucalyptus_ afford astringent extracts; those from the “red,” “white,” or “flooded” gum (_E. rostrata_), the “blood-wood” (_E. corymbosa_), and _E. citriodora_, being quite suitable for replacing the officinal kind. The gum is chiefly obtained by woodcutters, being found in a viscid state in flattened cavities in the wood, and soon becoming inspissated, hard and brittle. Minor quantities are procured by incising the bark of living trees; a treacly fluid yielding 35 per cent. of solid kino on evaporation is thus obtained. The gum is imported from Australia, but there are no statistics to show in what quantity.[146] [146] Compare Journ. Soc. Chem. Ind., 1902, p. 159. _Eucalyptus longifolia_ bark, the “woolly-butt” of Australia, contains 8·3 per cent. of tannic acid, and 2·8 of gallic. The “peppermint” tree contains 20 per cent. of tannic acid in its bark. The “stringy-bark” (_E. obliqua_) gives 13¹⁄₂ per cent. of kinotannic acid. The Victorian “iron-bark” (_E. leucoxylon_) contains 22 per cent. of kinotannic acid, but is available only for inferior leather. _Myrtus communis_, and several other myrtle species, contain a considerable amount of tannin in the bark and leaves. GRANATACEÆ. _Punica Granatum_, Pomegranate. Peel of fruit employed in Spain and the East as substitute for sumach, containing up to 25 per cent. of tannin. Bark said to contain 22 per cent. tannin. _Balaustines_, wild pomegranates, East Indies. Fruit, said to contain 46 per cent. tannin. ROSACEÆ. _Tormentilla erecta_, _Potentilla tormentilla_. Root variously stated to contain 20-46 per cent. tannin. Red coloured leather, formerly used in Orkneys, Shetland, and Faroe Islands, and in some parts of Germany. _Sorbus_ or _Pyrus Aucuparia_, Mountain Ash. Bark said to be stronger than oak. Many other plants of the family contain tannin, among others the strawberry. PAPILIONACEÆ. _Butea frondosa_.[147] This (with _Pterocarpus marsupium_)[148] furnishes East Indian kino. The flowers are used in India as a dye, under the name of Tesu. Bark fairly rich in tannin. [147] ‘Dictionary of Economic Products,’ I.B., p. 944; Hummel and Cavallo, Proc. Chem. Soc. 1894, p. ii. [148] Agricult. Ledger, 1901, No. 11, Gov. Printing Office, Calcutta. _Pterocarpus_ or _Drepanocarpus senegalensis_ is the source of African kino, which contains up to 75 per cent. of tannin.