The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)James, William
Science
The Principles of Psychology, Volume 2 (of 2)
James, William
Psychology
"I find that a few persons can, by what they often describe as a kind
of touch-sight, visualize at the same moment all round the image of
a solid body. Many can do so nearly, but not altogether round that
of a terrestrial globe. An eminent mineralogist assures me that he
is able to imagine simultaneously all the sides of a crystal with
which he is familiar. I may be allowed to quote a curious faculty
of my own in respect to this. It is exercised only occasionally and
in dreams, or rather in nightmares, but under those circumstances
I am perfectly conscious of embracing an entire sphere in a single
perception. It appears to lie within my mental eyeball, and to be
viewed centripetally.
"This power of comprehension is practically attained in many cases
by indirect methods. It is a common feat to take in the whole
surroundings of an imagined room with such a rapid mental sweep as to
leave some doubt whether it has not been viewed simultaneously. Some
persons have the habit of viewing objects as though they were partly
transparent; thus, if they so dispose a globe in their imagination as
to see both its north and south poles at the same time, they will not
be able to see its equatorial parts. They can also perceive all the
rooms of an imaginary house by a single mental glance, the walls and
floors being as if made of glass. A fourth class of persons have the
habit of recalling scenes, not from the point of view whence they were
observed, but from a distance, and they visualize their own selves as
actors on the mental stage. By one or other of these ways, the power
of seeing the whole of an object, and not merely one aspect of it, is
possessed by many persons.
"The place where the image appears to lie differs much. Most persons
see it in an indefinable sort of way, others see it in front of the
eye, others at a distance corresponding to reality. There exists a
power which is rare naturally, but can, I believe, be acquired without
much difficulty, of projecting a mental picture upon a piece of paper,
and of holding it fast there, so that it can be outlined with a
pencil. To this I shall recur.
"Images usually do not become stronger by dwelling on them; the first
idea is commonly the most vigorous, but this is not always the case.
Sometimes the mental view of a locality is inseparably connected with
the sense of its position as regards the points of the compass, real
or imaginary. I have received full and curious descriptions from very
different sources of this strong geographical tendency, and in one or
two cases I have reason to think it allied to a considerable faculty
of geographical comprehension.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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