We have explained that the unconscious impulse which causes the dream
connects itself with part of the day’s residues, with some unexhausted
interest of waking life; this lends the dream which is thus brought into
being a double value for the work of analysis. It is true that, on the
one hand, a dream that has been analysed reveals itself as the
fulfilment of a repressed wish; but, on the other hand, it will be a
continuation of some preconscious activity of the day before and will
contain subject-matter of some kind or other, giving expression, for
instance, to a determination, a warning, a reflection or once more to
the fulfilment of a wish. Analysis exploits the dream in both directions
as a means of obtaining knowledge alike of the patient’s conscious and
of his unconscious processes. It also profits from the fact that dreams
have access to the forgotten material of childhood, and so it happens
that infantile amnesia is for the most part overcome in connection with
the interpretation of dreams. In this respect dreams achieve a part of
what was previously the task of hypnosis. On the other hand, I have
never maintained the assertion which has so often been ascribed to me,
that dream-interpretation shows that all dreams have a sexual content or
are derived from sexual motive forces. It is easy to see that hunger,
thirst, or the need to excrete, can produce dreams of satisfaction just
as well as any repressed sexual or egoistic impulse. The case of young
children affords us a convenient test of the validity of our theory of
dreams. In them the various psychical systems are not yet sharply
divided and the repressions have not yet grown deep, so that we often
come upon dreams which are nothing more than undisguised fulfilments of
impulses left over from waking life. Under the influence of imperative
needs, adults may also produce dreams of this infantile type.
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