The Problem of the Rupee, Its Origin and Its SolutionAmbedkar, B. R. (Bhimrao Ramji)
History
The Problem of the Rupee, Its Origin and Its Solution
Ambedkar, B. R. (Bhimrao Ramji)
Currency question -- India
Pierson²¹⁸ that when the general depreciation of silver commenced
all over the world, it had been forestalled in that part of the globe.
India was already glutted with silver. Under ordinary circumstances
India would have sent back a large portion of its silver to Europe. But
the general depreciation prevented her from doing so; and now there were
two opposing forces, one tending to produce an export of silver from
India to Europe and the other tending to produce an export of silver
from Europe to India; and, although the latter was the stronger of the
two, the former was sufficiently powerful to prevent any considerable
quantity of silver from being exported from Europe to India. If the
Committee was, deceived in one part of its assumptions, it was also
disappointed in others. Far from resuming specie payments in terms of
silver, as Mr. Bagehot expected the countries then on paper basis to do,
they one and all demonetized [pg 132] silver to the great disappointment
of all those who adhered to the policy of “wait and see.”
²¹⁶ This argument was prominently put forth in the _Report_ (pp.
xxx-xxxv) _of the Select Committee on the Depreciation of Silver_,
1876; and also by Monometallic Members of the Gold and Silver
Commission, 1886. Cf. pp. 77–79 of the Final Report, Part II.
²¹⁷ Cf. evidence of Professor Marshall before the Gold and Silver
Commission, 1886, Q. 10,164~76.
²¹⁸ Cf. his reply to the Circular of the Gold and Silver Commission,
1886. Second Report, App. VII (1), p. 254.
The falsification by India and other countries of such anticipations led
to a change in the angle of vision of most of the European countries who
had theretofore shown no inclination to do anything by way of reducing
the chaotic currencies to some kind of order. They were advised by
eminent authorities not to hurry. Jevons said²¹⁹:—
²¹⁹ Op. cit., p. 354.
“We only need a little patience and a little common sense to
surmount the practical difficulties. Within the next few years
good harvests in India will, in all probability, enable that
country to buy up all our surplus silver, as it has been in the
habit of doing, with rare exceptions, since the time of Pliny. …
In future years any amount of silver could be got rid of without
loss, if it be sold gradually and cautiously.”
When, however, it was found that the waiting period would be more
painful if not longer than what it pleased the proverbial peasant to
undergo, in order to let the stream run dry so as to permit of his
fording it without wetting his feet, there grew up an agitation in
Europe to undertake the necessary reform to prevent the depreciation of
silver.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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