He was the son of a poor artisan, whose name was Jan, or John Ottho; hence Jansen, corresponding to our Johnson, which was Latinized into Jansenius. Footnote 8: Petitot, Collect. des Mémoires, Notice sur Port-Royal, tom. xxxiii., p. 19. This author’s attempt to fix the charge of a conspiracy between Jansen and St. Cyran to overturn the Church, is a piece of special pleading, bearing on its face its own refutation. Footnote 9: The followers of Jansen were not more charitable than he in their judgments of the Reformed, and showed an equal zeal with the Jesuits to persecute them, when they had it in their power. (Benoit, Hist. de l’Edit de Nantes, iii. 200.) Footnote 10: _Cæca quadam obedientia.—Ut Christum Dominum in superiore quolibet agnoscere studeatis.—Perinde ac si cadaver essent, vel similiter atque senis baculus.—Ad majorem Dei gloriam._ (Constit. Jesuit. pars vi. cap. 1; Ignat. Epist., &c.) Footnote 11: Balde, whom the Jesuits honor in their schools as a modern Horace, thus celebrates the longevity of the Society, in his _Carmen Seculare de Societate Jesu_, 1640:— “Profuit quisquis voluit nocere. Cuncta subsident sociis; ubique Exules vivunt, et ubique cives! Sternimus victi, supreamus imi, Surgimus plures toties cadendo.” Footnote 12: Their famous missionary, Francis Xavier, whom they canonized, was ignorant of a single word in the languages of the Indians whom he professed to evangelize. He employed a hand-bell to summon the natives around him; and the poor savages, mistaking him for one of their learned Brahmans, he baptized them until his arm was exhausted with the task, and boasted of every one he baptized as a regenerated convert! Footnote 13: Macintosh, Hist. of England, ii. 353. Footnote 14: Macintosh, Hist. of England, ii. 357. Footnote 15: Augustine himself is chargeable with having been the first to introduce the scholastic mode of treating morality in the form of trifling questions, more fitted to gratify curiosity, and display acumen, than to edify or enlighten. His example was followed and miserably abused, by the moralists of succeeding ages. (Buddei Isagoge, vol. i. p. 568.) Footnote 16: Lancelot. Tour to Alet, p. 173; Leydecker, p. 122. Footnote 17: The whole title was: “Augustinus Cornelii Jansenii episcopi, seu doctrina sancti Augustini de humanæ naturæ sanctitate ægritudinæ medica, adversus Pelagianos et Massilienses.” Louvain, 1640. Footnote 18: Leydecker, p. 132; Lancelot, p. 180. Footnote 19: Ranke, Hist. of the Popes, vol. iii. 143; Abbé Du Mas, Hist. des Cinq Propositions, p. 48. Footnote 20: Letter xviii. pp. 310–313. Footnote 21: Witsii Œconom. Fœd., lib. iii.; Turret. Theol., Elenct. xv. quest. 4; De Moor Comment, iv. 496; Mestrezat, Serm. sur Rom., viii. 274. Footnote 22: