[30] Frazer, _The Golden Bough_, 2nd ed., I. pp. 29-31. [31] Fourth ed. (1903), i. p. 285. [32] The word _naturism_ should be adopted as a name for the pre-animistic and pre-religious stage of culture, a stage corresponding to the one through which a child passes before he inquires into hidden causes and mechanisms. See on this an excellent little book published in this series, _Animism_, by Edward Clodd, pp. 22-25. [33] Lord Avebury, _On the Origin of Civilisation_ (3rd ed., 1875), pp. 113-114. [34] _The Golden Bough_, i. p. 19. [35] Maspero, _loc. cit._, pp. 298-299. [36] Amélie Bosquet, _La Normandie romanesque et merveilleuse_ (Paris et Rouen, 1845), p. 308. [37] _Loc. cit._ i., pp. 75-78. [38] A widespread opinion ascribes the failures of the magician to a rival or to the counter-influence of some evil spirit. 'If a man died in spite of the medicine-man, they [the Chepara of South-East Africa] said it was Wulle, an evil being, that killed him.'--Howitt, _loc. cit._, p. 385. [39] Chap. iii. [40] _Ibid._, p. 59. [41] R. R. Marett, 'From Spell to Prayer,' _Folk-Lore_, xv. (1904), pp. 132-165. [42] _Loc. cit._, pp. 61-62. In the third volume (pp. 458-461), a change seems to have taken place in the author's opinion. What it amounts to, I cannot exactly make out. [43] _The Psychology of the Emotions_, p. 309. [44] _The Religion of the Semites_, p. 55. [45] See, on this development, my article, 'Fear, Awe, and the Sublime in Religion,' _American Jr. of Religious Psy. and Educ._, ii. p. 1. [46] _Magic and Religion_, pp. 48-49, 69. [47] 'On some Australian Customs of Initiation,' _Jr. of the Anthrop. Inst._, xiii. (1883-1884), p. 459. [48] F. Harrison, _Moral and Religious Socialism_, New Year's Address, 1891. [49] A. Comte, _Catéchisme Positiviste_, ed. Apostolique (1891), pp. 53, 55. [50] _Natural Religion_, Macmillan (1882), p. 74. Transcriber's Notes: Passages in italics are indicated by _italics_. Passages in bold are indicated by =bold=.