Since health of body, mind, and soul is essential to our best
development, and since sleep, restful sleep, is essential to such
health, it would seem that such sleep is one of the things which
rightly belong to every individual. And, if to individuals, then to
groups of individuals, to nations, to the whole race. The race is
subject to the same influence as the individual, and, since the chief
cause of the unrest of individuals is their inharmonious relations
towards one another, so the chief cause of the unrest of the race is
its inherent discord.
Underlying the antagonisms of men to men is the question of
economics—“the science of ... living well for the state, the
family, and the individual,” as the Standard Dictionary defines
it. While the question of how he shall sustain his mere physical
existence—obtain the food, clothes, and shelter so essential to
his maintenance—occupies all a man’s thought and energy, he does
not readily turn toward the consideration of his deeper life. He
feels that every man is his enemy, ready and willing to take from
him, either by superior sharpness, fraud, or force the opportunity
of supplying his needs.
So long as conditions lead anyone to adopt this attitude towards his
fellows, he is not apt to give much time or thought to discovering
his proper relations toward them. Forces stronger than any number of
individuals, acting separately, may drive men into combinations— such
as labor organizations among the masses, or large corporations among
the privileged classes—until we find a sort of spurious co-operation
taking the place of individual effort.
But this co-operation is based upon the necessity of combining to
oppose and crush, not upon the desire to avoid friction and bring about
harmonious relations between men. Wherever either labor or capital
organizes to protect itself from the oppression of the other and to
dictate terms to it, that other in its turn organizes to protect
itself and to crush the opposing power. Neither party to the struggle
sees its dependence upon the other. Capital forgets that labor called
it into existence, that without labor there had been no capital, and
that should labor cease capital would soon disappear. Labor does not
see that capital is its own product, drawn from the land and used to
enable men to produce more wealth. And neither sees that the object
of producing wealth is not wealth for its own sake, but that man may,
through its use, develop himself to an ever higher state.
It is scarcely possible that men should see this under present economic
conditions; how, then, can it be possible for men to understand their
relations to one another or the advantages of harmony?
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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