The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts, July-December, 1827Various
Science
The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature and the Arts, July-December, 1827
Various
Arts -- Periodicals; Science -- Periodicals; Technology -- Periodicals
Now it is to be remarked that in the subleaflets the upper part
of the little intumescence belonging to each corresponds, in one
respect alluded to, with the lower portion of the intumescence of
the petiole; _it is the portion shortened when the leaf is folded_.
And we found, upon examination, that it likewise distinctly changes
colour at the moment when the subleaflet rises, while the under
surface of the intumescence of the subleaflet does not change its hue.
In pursuing this inquiry, another point of correspondence between
the mechanism which depresses the petiole, and that which raises the
subleaflets, was stated, which has yet additional interest.
[Illustration: _Fig._ 6.]
[Illustration: _Fig._ 7.]
[Illustration: _Fig._ 8.]
When the plant is not in its most lively state, the under surface of
the intumescence of the subleaflet (_b_, _Fig._ 2,) and the upper
surface of the intumescence of the petiole (_a_, _Fig._ 6,) may be
pricked with a needle, without producing action. But if the opposite
surfaces, those namely, which change colour and are shortened when
the petiole is depressed and the subleaflets folded, are touched
with the point of the needle these actions are instantaneously
produced. Here the [p082] subleaflet is most delicately sensible;
_a slight touch_ with the point of a needle upon the upper surface
of the intumescence of the subleaflet (_c_, _Fig._ 1,) causes the
single subleaflet so stimulated to rise; and in this manner all the
subleaflets upon one side of a leaflet may be raised, their fellows
remaining expanded: if the touch be something sharper, the fellow
subleaflet rises at the same time; if ruder still, the next pair of
leaflets fold directly afterwards, and the irritation then proceeds
entirely through the leaflet. But the most satisfactory and curious
results are obtained on stimulating the extension surface of the
intumescence of the petiole. The needle may be applied to every point
upon the upper or solar half of the intumescence of the petiole
(_a_, _Fig._ 6,) without producing any visible effect; but if the
irritation be applied upon the under half, (_d_, _Fig._ 6,) either
quite below or laterally, the petiole is immediately depressed. The
transition is abrupt from the surface against which the needle may be
made to prick, without exciting action, to one which, when the needle
reaches it, causes the petiole to be instantaneously thrown down.
It appears, therefore, that each intumescence has a surface
especially adapted to receive mechanical impressions; which surface
is placed on the side of the intumescence opposite to that, by which
the consequent motion is produced. A curious but vague analogy may be
traced between these surfaces of the sensitive plant and the organs
of sense in animals.
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