New South Wales railways, 176–84, 186, 219 ---- York, 46, 59, 60, 155, 240, 241, 255 ---- York to San Francisco, 15 ---- Zealand railways, 193–7 Niagara Falls, 57 ---- River suspension bridge, 57–58, 143 Nicholas II., 200 Nictheroy, 216 Nijneoudinsk, 199 Nikolsk, 212 Nile River, 154 ---- Blue, 156–7 ---- Expedition, 1885–6, 153 ---- High level, 158 Nile Rapids, 160–61 ---- steamers, 158 ---- White Nile, 157–8, 160 ---- Valley, 150, 152 Nippon Railway Co., 306 North Island (N.Z.) Trunk railway, 194 North, Major Frank J., 66–8 North Wales Narrow Gauge railway, 76–87 Northampton (W.A.), 187 Northern Pacific railway, 308–11 ---- crisis, 239 Northern railway (W.A.), 188 North-Western State railway, 252 Norway, 260 ---- Trans-Norwegian railway, 262 Norwegian Eastern railway system, 267 Nyasa, Lake, 282, 287 Nyasaland-- Negroes, 283 Railways, 281–8 Oakland, 315 Ober Villach, 101 Obi, 200 ---- River, 201–3, 205 Ofoten, 260 Ogden, 75 Okuma, Count, 305 Omaha, 65, 68, 312 Omaruru, 82, 85, 87 Omdurman, 153, 154, 157 Omsk, 199 Ontario, Lake, 54, 57 Oodnadatta, 184 Opcina Tunnel, 97 Ophir Loop, 170–71 ---- Mountain, 170 Orange Free State, 140 Oregon railways, 28–9 Orenburg, 199 Oriental Bank, 305 Oroville, 314, 316 Oroya, 136 ---- line, 129–38, 177, 271 Osaka, 305 Osgood, J. O., 166–7 Ossouri railway, 201 Otago, 196 ---- Central railway, 196–7 Otavi line, the, 79 ---- the new “Copperado,” 79 Otira Gorge, 194, 195 ---- Tunnel, 194–5 Otsu, 305 Ottoman Government, the, and the Bedouin, 118, 119 Ouguati, 82 Ovambo coolies, 83–4 “Overland Limited,” the, 75 “Overland Route,” 65–6, 71, 317 Pacific Central railway, 63, 65, 70, 198, 315 ---- railway surveys, 309 ---- Western railway, 308, 314–18 Pæons, 13 Palestine, 117, 119, 123 Panama, Isthmus of, 65, 240 Parahybuna River, 221 Paramatta, 176 Parisian Société de Construction des Batignolles, 303–4 Parkes, Sir Harry, 304–5 Pauling & Co., Messrs., 141 Pawnee Indians, 66, 68 Payment in kind, 287–8 Paznaun Valley, 90 Pears, A. G., 288 Pehtang, 291 Pekin, 296, 298–9 ---- -Hankow railway, 299 ---- -Kalgan railway, 295, 297 ---- -Nanking railway, 296 Pennsylvania Steel Co., 254, 255–9 Penrith, 177 Pequop Range, 72, 317 Perth (W.A.), 187–9 Peru, 129 Peruvian Central railway, 136 ---- Corporation of London, 135 ---- Southern railway, 279 Peto, Betts & Brassey, Messrs., 47, 49, 52 Petropavlovsk, 199 Petropolis, 216, 221 “Phantom Curve,” 169 Placer River Valley, 113 Poncha, 168 Ponthierville, 151 Port Herald, 281, 282, 283, 284, 286, 287 ---- Sudan, 160 Portland, Atlantic Coast, 29, 48 Portmadoc, 76 Portugal, railway interests, 295 Princeton, Dartmoor, 173 Promontory Range, 70, 71