Sher Shah, 252 Shiré River, 281, 282, 287 Siberia-- Central railway, 200, 203 Climate of Western, 204 Exiles as labourers, 210–12 Trans-Siberian railway, 198–213 Tundras, the, 18 Western railway, 200, 203 “Siberia,” disease, 211 Siberian Central railway, 200, 203 Sierras Main Range, grading and tunnelling, 314–18 Simplon Tunnel, 100 Sioule River, 145 Sioux, the, 67 Skaguay, 107, 108, 110, 111–12 ---- railway from, 103–5 Slave-trade, Central Africa, 282–3 Smith, C. Shaler, 166 Smith’s Mill, 187 Snow-plough, the, 111, 173, 232, 268–9, 278 Snow-sheds, 235–7 Snow-slides, 236 Snowdon Station, 79 Soldier’s Leap, 278 Sommeiller, 32 Sone Bridge, 250 Sorochté, sickness, 9 South Boulder Canyon, 172 ---- Island, N.Z., 194, 197 “Spiral” grading and tunnelling, 43, 195, 233 “Split fences,” 236 Spooner, C. E., 77 Stanford, Leland, 60, 62, 65, 70 Stanley, 139 Stanleyville, 151 Stattnitz, 94 Steel, first used for bridges, 260 Steelton, 254, 255, 258 Stelvio road, 163, 170, 277 Stephen, Mount, 230 Stephenson, George, 17, 19, 30, 46, 49–52, 308 Steyr River, 94 Stoney Creek Bridge, 237–8 ---- ---- Plain, the, 123 “Straight Line,” the longest in the world, 270 Stretensk, 201, 211, 212 Styria, 91 Suakin, 159, 160 Sudan-- Railways, 153, 154, 156, 158 Upper, 157, 158 Work of the Government, 160, 161 Sudan Development and Exploration Co., 158, 160 “Sudd,” 160 Suez Canal, 212, 213 ---- Gulf, 159 Sukkur, 250 Superior, Lake, 226–7, 230, 309 Swakopmund, 79, 81, 82, 84, 85, 87 Sweden, bridges, 260 Switchback grading, 219 Switzerland-- Alps, the, 162 Financing the St. Gotthard, 33 Railways, 216 Tunnelling in, 30 Sydney, 177, 190 ---- railway to Paramatta, 176 ---- railway to Queensland, 182 Tabuk, 124, 125 Tacoma, 318 Takasaki-Naoyetsu railway, 307 Tamboraque, 134 Tanganyika, 149–50 Tasmanian Sea, 193 Tauern Range, 93, 98 ---- Tunnel, 98–101 Taugevand, 264, 265, 266 Tcheliabinsk, 200, 202 Tcheliabinsk-Kourgan, 199 Teichl River, 94 Telephone across Victoria Falls, first use, 143–4 Tennessee Pass, 169 Tessin River, 35 Texas forests, 73 Thompson River Canyon, 239 Thorndike, William, 135–6 Tientsin, 292 Tigris Valley, 123 Tioumen, 199, 205 Titicaca, Lake, 136, 137, 279 Tobol, the, 202 Tokio, 304, 305, 307 ---- -Kakasaki railway, 306 ---- -Sendai railway, 306 ---- -Yokohama railway, 305 Tolosa, 274 Toltec Bridge, 169 ---- Tunnel, 169 Tomsk, 199, 205, 213 Tong-King-Sing, General, 291–2 Tongshan, 291, 293 “Topographers’ Gulch,” 321 Torano Range, 317, 318 Toronto, 48 “Toy” railway, Festiniog, 76–9 Track-layer, the, 146 Training-bund, 252, 253 Trans-andine railway, the, 270, 274 Trans-Baikal railway, 201