Punctuation, hyphenation, and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in the original book; otherwise they were not changed. Simple typographical errors were corrected; unbalanced quotation marks were remedied when the change was obvious, and otherwise left unbalanced. Illustrations in this eBook have been positioned between paragraphs and outside quotations. In versions of this eBook that support hyperlinks, the page references in the List of Illustrations lead to the corresponding illustrations. The index was not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page references. Inconsistent appearance of page ranges was not changed. Page 64: “Golden Horn” was printed that way, but it refers to the Golden Gate Strait in California; the Golden Horn is in Turkey. Page 65: “’47” was printed that way, but gold was discovered at Sutter’s Mill in January, 1848.