Ratio of paying to dead load 1 to 1.1 Total revenue received for transporting freight $1,823,651,998 Total revenue received per gross ton mile (cents) 0.369 Total revenue received per revenue ton mile (cents), (a) 0.759 Tons per car revenue freight (loaded and empty) 13.8 Revenue per car mile (cents) 10.5 (a) Statistics of Railways of United States, 1907. (b) Experience of Union Pacific and Southern Pacific Systems. RELATIVE COST OF SERVICE. To determine the relative costs to the railroads of performing mail, passenger and freight service, we must allocate the expenses to freight and passenger service as a whole, afterwards apportioning the latter to mails and other service. Railroad operating expenses apply jointly to both passenger and freight trains, so that, with few exceptions, it is impossible to determine exactly from any published statistics the cost of passenger train service as distinguished from freight. There are some items of train mile expense directly connected with movement which are less for passenger than for freight trains, whilst, on the other hand, many other expenses are greater for passenger than for freight, such as danger from casualties, necessity of expensive terminals, delays to other traffic through preference given to passenger trains, additional main tracks, and, particularly, higher standards of maintenance of roadbed required for high speed passenger train movement. On account of the impossibility of separating the expenses, we assume that the above factors about balance each other and that the average cost of running _all_ trains can be taken as either passenger or freight train mile cost, respectively, without serious error. We allocate a proportion of the passenger train cost to the mails on the basis of the gross ton miles handled in each class of passenger traffic. The relative revenues and expenses are shown on opposite page, mail revenues being as shown by 1908 Report of Postoffice Department, and other statistics as given in the 1907 Statistics of Railways of the United States, published by the Interstate Commerce Commission, or are computed therefrom. ALL RAILROADS IN UNITED STATES. Summary of Mail, Passenger and Freight Service. Other Total Mails. Passenger. Passenger. Freight.