This turning, however, requires some little knack, so as not to drop any raisins on the ground. The trays may be turned either the short or the long way. If the long way, one tray is first placed on the top of the other, and two men catch hold of the long opposite sides of the trays by placing their hands on the outside quarters of the edge and then pressing firmly. This keeps the raisins steady between the trays, and in turning rapidly, if the bunches are at all entire, few or no raisins will be dropped. In turning the short way, the men grasp with their opposite hands at the middle of the short sides, while with their other hands they catch the outside quarters of one of the long sides. By turning quickly over the long side that is held by the hands of the turners, the operation may be performed without dropping any berries. In small vineyards, where the owner must perform the work alone, he may turn the trays without any help whatever, though, naturally, his work will be somewhat slower. He can operate by the aid of a small contrivance called the catcher, a most simple but very effective little tool. It resembles a miniature stool like those used by the milkers of cows. The seat or top may be twelve inches long by six wide, made from one-inch lumber. On one side are inserted four pegs, each about six inches long. The two opposite ones are inserted very close together, but spread strongly outward. After one tray has been placed on the top of the other, the catcher is pushed over the long edge of the trays, which of course will cause them to jam tightly together on that side. By now grasping the trays on the opposite edge, they may be turned without the aid of any one else, and without any loss of raisins. Some use steel clips for the same purpose, but the common home-made wooden catch is undoubtedly the most practical method, as it is the cheapest. Turning should, as much as possible, be done in the morning or at least in the forenoon while the air is yet cool and the stems of the raisins damp. The pressure of the tray will not then cause the stems to break off and the quality of the raisins to be lowered. If the bunch raisins are on separate trays, which is best, they may be turned earlier in the day than the second grade, which is not apt to be greatly damaged by the breaking of the stems, as they are to be stemmed anyhow.