The Raisin Industry: A practical treatise on the raisin grapes, their history, culture and curingEisen, Gustavus A.
History
The Raisin Industry: A practical treatise on the raisin grapes, their history, culture and curing
Eisen, Gustavus A.
Raisins; Viticulture -- California
_Taking Up._--When, at last, the raisins are sufficiently dried, they
must be taken up as quickly as possible. This process again consists of
three different labors,--the stacking, assorting and boxing. It is of
great importance to know exactly when the raisins have sufficiently
dried to be ready for the sweatboxes. This can properly only be
ascertained by experience, still a few directions will materially help
the inexperienced grower in his judgment. A perfect raisin should be
neither too hard nor too soft. A raisin is too soft when, after rolling
it between the fingers, the least particle of juice exudes through the
cracked skin or meat. Such raisins will “sugar” in course of time, and
not keep a year. If the raisins, or a majority of them, on a bunch are
too wet, they should be spread to the sun for some time longer. If,
however, there are only a few underdried raisins in a bunch, the bunch
may be taken in, and the soft raisins clipped off afterwards. A raisin
is too dry when, in pressing and rolling it between two fingers, the
pulp does not move readily inside the skin. Such overdried raisins will
not again become first-class raisins; their skin will always be tough,
and their color will be somewhat inferior. If but slightly overdried,
they may be brought out by equalizing. To know when the raisins are in a
proper condition to take up is most important to every raisin-man, and
he should never neglect to watch his trays early and late. Upon his good
judgment and watchfulness depend the quality of his crop. To prevent
too rapid drying out after the raisins are nearly ready, the practice
now is to stack the trays in the field.
This stacking simply consists in placing the trays which contain the
ready raisins on top of each other, in piles five feet high. On the top
of every such pile are placed several loose trays crosswise, so as to
shelter the pile from the sun, and possibly even from rain, and other
trays are raised up against the sides of the pile in order to exclude as
much air as possible. If, however, the raisins are rather underdried,
the side trays may be left out so as to allow the raisins to dry more.
It is always best to stack the trays before the raisins are fully dried,
as they will finish drying and curing in the stack much better than in
the sun. The underdried raisins will thus dry just enough, while the
overdried ones, or those just right, will not dry much more.
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