Having published an important article on _The Chirography of the Hammurabi Code_ in the _American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures_, vol. xx, pp. 137-48 (Chicago University Press, 1904), R. F. HARPER proceeded to issue a revised edition of the cuneiform text, with a transcription, a new translation, vocabulary, indexes, and list of signs, under the title _The Code of Hammurabi_ (Chicago University Press, 1904), which forms a most convenient student’s handbook for English readers. In 1909, A. UNGNAD published _Keilschrifttexte der Gesetze Hammurapis, Autographie der Stele sowie der altbabylonischen, assyrischen und neubabylonischen Fragmente_ (Leipzig, Hinrichs). _Codex Hammurabi. Textus primigenius, transcriptio, translatio, Latina, vocabularia, tabula comparationis inter leges Mosis et Hammurabi. Ad usum privatum auditorum_, by A. DEIMEL (Rome, Vatican Press, 1910), has the advantage of a language specially fitted to rendering exactly the turns of expression occurring in the original. There are some fragments of a copy found at Nippur, now preserved in the Museum at Constantinople, copied by ST. LANGDON, and noticed by him and V. SCHEIL in _Comptes rendus de l’Académie des Inscriptions_ (Paris, A. Picard), 1912, p. 159, as _Tablette du Musée de Constantinople contenant les §§ 145-80 du Code de Hammourabi_; and there are other still unpublished copies. A. POEBEL, in the _Museum Journal of the Philadelphia Museum_, vol. iv, no. 2, 1913, pp. 49-50, announces a further copy of the Code from Nippur, which also supplies some of the missing laws. The fine picture of this tablet shows its present state. III. TRANSCRIPTIONS AND TRANSLATIONS. Many works appeared which took V. SCHEIL’s transcription and translation as sufficient, only varying from it where the author was already possessed of independent knowledge, or had worked over the text with a view to improve the renderings. H. WINCKLER, in November, 1902, set out _Die Gesetze Hammurabis, Königs von Babylon um 2250 v. Chr._ as Part 4 of Volume IV of _Der alte Orient_ (Leipzig, Hinrichs), a complete translation with valuable introduction and short useful notes. It was followed by a second and third revised editions in March and November, 1903, which called the Code _Das älteste Gesetzbuch der Welt_. In 1904 appeared a fuller work by the same author, _Die Gesetze Hammurabis, Umschrift und Übersetzung, dazu Einleitung, Wörter-, Eigennamen-Verzeichnis, die sogenannten sumerischen Familiengesetze und die Gesetztafel, Brit. Mus._, 82-7-14, 988. This was a most valuable work, and has been liberally made use of by subsequent writers (Leipzig, Hinrichs).