The Relations of Science and Religion: The Morse Lecture, 1880Calderwood, Henry
Religion
The Relations of Science and Religion: The Morse Lecture, 1880
Calderwood, Henry
Religion and science
insisted upon in ordinary society, to allow cover for ambiguities, and
denials which would favor the position of those who accept only what is
ascertained by the methods of physiological investigation. Hence it
happens that popular favor runs deeply and strongly for the kind and
good; and science itself must yield when the testimony of the race is
uniform.
Before closing this inquiry, it is desirable to pass over from the
outstanding conceptions of science and philosophy, to distinctive and
prominent conceptions belonging to religious thought, with the view of
considering whether these can be held in harmony with the teaching of
science. Of these, reference may be made specially to two which
encounter opposition on professedly scientific grounds:--Miracle as an
evidence of the Messiahship of our Lord Jesus Christ; and the efficacy
of Prayer in the economy of spiritual life. These two conceptions have
encountered strong opposition on the allegation of inconsistency with
the unchangeableness of the laws of nature. It becomes, therefore, an
important part of the present investigation, to ascertain how far these
two articles of Christian faith, miraculous testimony to the divinity
of our Saviour, and habitual answer to the prayer offered to God by
those who approach Him in the merit of the Redeemer, are consistent with
the teaching of science. These two conceptions are naturally included in
the one question as to the compatibility with the laws of nature of the
interposition of supernatural agency for attainment of moral and
spiritual ends in the history of the world.
First in order stands the question of MIRACLE as involved in the
evidence of divine power and authority given by our Lord, during His
sojourn in this world to accomplish the great work of redemption.[DJ]
The testimony of miracle as presented in the historical narrative of
Christ's life is frequent and abundant in variety; and its connection
with His work for the redemption of sinful men is everywhere proclaimed.
It is impossible to contemplate the scriptural testimony to the glory of
Christ's nature without including miracle as a conspicuous part of it;
and it is equally impossible to detach this testimony from relation to
the mediatorial work of the Redeemer as concerned with the pardon of
sin, and restoration of man to holiness of character. It thus becomes an
essential test of the validity of Christian evidence to settle the
compatibility of miracle with the knowledge now possessed of the laws of
nature.
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