The Relations of Science and Religion: The Morse Lecture, 1880Calderwood, Henry
Religion
The Relations of Science and Religion: The Morse Lecture, 1880
Calderwood, Henry
Religion and science
The amount of labor undertaken by the workers from an ants' nest, may be
judged by one or two extracts from the records of Sir John Lubbock. He
says, "I once watched an ant from six in the morning, and she worked
without intermission till a quarter to ten at night," and in that time
she had carried one hundred and eighty-seven larvæ into the nest.[CL]
There is evidence not only of coöperation, but of division of labor
among the workers. The observations of Mr. Forel lead to the conclusion
that "very young ants devote themselves at first to the care of the
larvæ and pupæ, and that they do not take share in the defence of the
nest or other out-of-door work, until they are some days old."[CM] By a
distinct set of observations, watching all ants that came and went from
the nest, and laying up in captivity some of the number, Mr. Lubbock
came to the conclusion "that certain ants are told off as foragers."[CN]
And in the winter season, when in the case of some orders little food is
required, a few only of the inhabitants of the nest come and go, for the
purpose of carrying in supplies. This makes observation much more easy
at that season, rendering it possible to number and identify individual
workers. The results as applicable to one of the nests are given in the
following sentences. "From the 1st of November to the 5th of January,
with two or three casual exceptions, the whole of the supplies were
carried in by three ants, one of whom, however, did comparatively
little. The other two were imprisoned, and then, but not till then, a
fresh ant appeared on the scene. She carried in the food for a week, and
then she being imprisoned, two others undertook the task."[CO]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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