On the 6th day, sacred to Ramman and Belit,[613] a favorable
day. The king, with prayer and supplication (?), at night in the
presence of Ramman, offers his gift. Sacrifices he is to bring
so that his prayer may be acceptable.
On the 7th day, supplication to Marduk and Sarpanitum, a
favorable day (_sc._ may it be). An evil day. The shepherd of
many nations is not to eat meat roasted by the fire, or any food
prepared by the fire. The clothes of his body he is not to
change, fine dress (?) he is not to put on. Sacrifices he is not
to bring, nor is the king to ride in his chariot. He is not to
hold court nor is the priest to seek an oracle for him in the
holy of holies.[614] The physician is not to be brought to the
sick room.[615] The day is not suitable for invoking
curses.[616] At night, in the presence of Marduk and Ishtar, the
king is to bring his gift. Then he is to offer sacrifices so
that his prayer may be acceptable.
This 7th day, it will be observed, is expressly called an evil day. It
is evident, therefore, that the phrase 'favorable day' in the first line
expresses a hope and not a fact, or is added to indicate the manner in
which the day can be converted into a favorable one. Just as the 7th
day, so the 14th, 21st, and 28th are called evil days, and the same
ceremonies are prescribed for the king on these days. These days were
evidently chosen as corresponding to the phases of the moon. But besides
these four days, a fifth, namely, the 19th, is singled out in the same
fashion. The comparison with the Biblical Sabbath naturally suggests
itself. The choice of the 7th day and of the corresponding ones rests,
of course, in both instances upon the lunar calendar, and there is also
this similarity between the Sabbath of the Hebrews and the 'evil day' of
the Babylonians, that the precautions prescribed in the Pentateuchal
codes--against kindling fires, against leaving one's home, against any
productive labor--point to the Hebrew Sabbath as having been at its
origin an 'inauspicious day,' on which it was dangerous to show oneself
or to call the deity's attention to one's existence. Despite the
attempts made to change this day to one of 'joy,' as Isaiah would have
it,[617] the Hebrew Sabbath continued to retain for a long time as a
trace of its origin, a rather severe and sombre aspect.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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