The religions of ancient Egypt and BabyloniaSayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Religion
The religions of ancient Egypt and Babylonia
Sayce, A. H. (Archibald Henry)
Assyro-Babylonian religion; Egypt -- Religion
In the Osirian creed, writer after writer has discovered “fore-gleams” of
Christianity more striking even than the doctrine of the Trinity, which
belongs to the philosophy of faith. But there is nothing wonderful in the
continuity of religious thought. One of the chief lessons impressed upon
us by the science of the century which has just passed away, is that of
continuity; throughout the world of nature there is no break, no isolated
link in the long chain of antecedent and consequent, and still less is
there any in the world of thought. Development is but another name for the
continuity which binds the past to the present with stronger fetters than
those of destiny. It is not only the philosophy of Christianity, or the
wider and more general doctrines of its creed, which find an echo in the
religion of ancient Egypt; in details also Egypt is linked with the modern
world. Long before the Hebrew prophets pictured the kingdom of the
Messiah, an Egyptian poet, in the reign of Thothmes III., had said: “A
king shall come from the south, Ameni, the truth-declaring, by name. He
shall be the son of a woman of Nubia, and will be born in [the south]....
He shall assume the crown of Upper Egypt, and lift up the red crown of the
north. He shall unite the double crown.... The people of the age of the
son of man shall rejoice and establish his name for all eternity. They
shall be removed far from evil, and the wicked shall humble their mouths
for fear of him. The Asiatics shall fall before his blows, and the Libyans
before his flame. The wicked shall wait on his judgments, the rebels on
his power. The royal serpent on his brow shall pacify the revolted. A wall
shall be built, even that of the prince, that the Asiatics may no more
enter into Egypt.”(200)
Yet more striking is the belief in the virgin-birth of the god Pharaoh,
which goes back at least to the time of the Eighteenth Dynasty. On the
western wall of one of the chambers in the southern portion of the temple
of Luxor, Champollion first noticed that the birth of Amon-hotep III. is
portrayed. The inscriptions and scenes which describe it have since been
copied, and we learn from them that he had no human father; Amon himself
descended from heaven and became the father of the future king. His mother
was still a virgin when the god of Thebes “incarnated himself,” so that
she might “behold him in his divine form.” And then the hieroglyphic
record continues with words that are put into the mouth of the god.
“Amon-hotep,” he is made to say, “is the name of the son who is in thy
womb. He shall grow up according to the words that proceed out of thy
mouth. He shall exercise sovereignty and righteousness in this land unto
its very end. My soul is in him, (and) he shall wear the twofold crown of
royalty, ruling the two worlds like the sun for ever.”(201)
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account