The Religions of India: Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris JastrowHopkins, Edward Washburn
Religion
The Religions of India: Handbooks on the History of Religions, Volume 1, Edited by Morris Jastrow
Hopkins, Edward Washburn
India -- Religion
If pessimism be the conviction that life on earth is not worth living,
this view is shared alike by the greatest of earth's religions. If
pessimism be the view that all beauty ends with life and that beyond
it there is nothing for which it is worth while to live, then India
has no parallel to this Homeric belief. If, however, pessimism mean
that to have done with existence on earth is the best that can happen
to a man, but that there is bliss beyond, then this is the opinion of
Brahmanism, Jainism, and Christianity. Buddhism alone teaches that to
live on earth is weariness, that there is no bliss beyond, and that
one should yet be calm, pure, loving, and wise.
How could such a religion inspire enthusiasm? How could it send forth
jubilant disciples to preach the gospel of joy? Yet did Buddhism do
even this. Not less happy and blissful than were they that received
the first comfort of pantheism were the apostles of Buddha. His
progress was a triumph of gladness. They that believed in him rejoiced
and hastened to their fellows with the good tidings. Was it then a new
morality, a new ethical code, that thus inspired them? Let one but
look at the vows and commandments respectively taken by and given to
the Buddhist monk, and he will see that in Buddhism there is no new
morality.
The Ten Vows are as follows:
I take the vow not to kill; not to steal; to abstain from
impurity; not to lie; to abstain from intoxicating drinks
which hinder progress and virtue; not to eat at forbidden
times; to abstain from dancing, singing, music and stage
plays; not to use garlands, scents, unguents, or ornaments;
not to use a high or broad bed; not to receive gold or
silver.
The Eight Commandments are as follows:
Do not kill; do not steal; do not lie; do not drink
intoxicating drinks; do not commit fornication or adultery;
do not eat unseasonable food at night; do not wear garlands
or use perfumes; sleep on a mat spread on the ground.
The first five of these commands are given to every Buddhist, monk, or
layman; the last three are binding only on the monk.[26]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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