Paganism: influence on Christian thought, 349 ff.; service to Christianity, 355 f. Pan, 83, 130. Panaetius, 186 f., 243. Panathenaic festival, 111. Pandora, 36 f. Pantheism, 13, 46, 54, 84 f., 93, 119, 140, 163 f., 192 ff., 268 ff. Parthenon, 110 f., 112. Pathos in Homer, 25, 46. Paul, 161, 302, 311 ff., 348, 349; on Christ’s death and resurrection, 312 f.; dualism, 316; faith, 313 ff.; Holy Spirit, 315 f.; indwelling Christ, 314; salvation, 312 ff. See also Colossians, Corinthians, Ephesians, Galatians, Philippians. Paulus, Julius, 198. Pausanias, 83. Pax Romana, 245, 246, 299. Peloponnesian War, 124, 127, 133. Penates, 228, 237. Pericles, 110, 113 ff., 117 f., 124, 133 f. Persephone, 19, 62 ff., 231, 286. Persian Wars, 82, 83, 109, 117. Pessimism: in Theognis, 77; under Roman Empire, 204 f. Phaedra, 135 f. Pharisees, 304 f., 309. Phidias, 26, 110, 117. _Philippians: Epistle to_, III, 10 f.: 315. Philo of Alexandria, 207, 210 ff., 216, 258, 320, 331, 332, 338, 351. _De alleg. leg._, III, 29 ff.: 214; _quis rer. div. her._ 205 f.: 212; _de somn._, I, 149: 213; _de special. legib._, I, 329: 211. Philo of Larissa, 244. Philoctetes, 101. Philodemus, 93. Philolaus, 55. Philosophers, banished from Rome, 240 f. Philosophic schools at Athens closed, 118. Philosophy: Greek, and Apologists, 328 ff.; beginnings of, 43 f.; Clement’s attitude toward, 342; enemy of traditional religion, 117 ff.; function of according to Plato, 158; influence on Christianity, 302, 317 f., 324 ff., 355 f., 358; influence at Rome, 239 ff.; practical guide of life, 184 ff., 201 f.; reconciliation with Jewish theology, 206 f., 258; and religion, 179 ff.; rival of Christianity, 358; spread to the West, 297. See also Aristotle, Epicureanism, Philo, Plato, Socrates, Sophists, Stoics, etc. Philostratus, 206. φωτισμός φωτίζεσθαι, 353. Pindar, 52, 81 ff., 117, 137; _Isth._, III, 5 f.: 85; V, 13 ff.: 87; VI, 71: 87; _Nem._, VI, 1 ff.: 83; XI, 13 ff.: 87; _Ol._, I, 52: 86; I, 64: 85; II, 63 ff.: 90; X, 3: 85; XIII, 83: 84; _Pyth._, II, 49 ff.: 84; III, 29: 85; III, 78 f.: 83; IX, 44 ff.; X, 49: 84; _Frgg._, 131: 89; 137: 71; 140: 85; 142: 84; 205: 85. Pisistratidae, 48. Pisistratus, 53, 110 f. Plato, 144 ff., 183, 184, 186, 187, 199, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 216, 217, 257, 346, 349, 351; ascetic tendencies, 158; on creation, 167 f.; debt to Orphics and Pythagoreans, 156, 160 ff.; debt to Socrates, 146 ff.; doctrine of recollection, 153 f.; dualism, 148; on final fate of soul, 163; goodness as attribute of god, 164; on highest good of man, 156; human reason, 152; ideas, 148 ff.: immortality, 152 ff.; matter, 165 f.; morality, 156 ff., 169; nature of god, 151 f.; and Orphic dualism, 156; pantheism, 163 f.; on problem of evil, 165 ff.; psychology, 155 f.; transmigration of souls, 161 f.