The Renaissance of Girls' Education in England: A Record of Fifty Years' ProgressZimmern, Alice
History
The Renaissance of Girls' Education in England: A Record of Fifty Years' Progress
Zimmern, Alice
Women -- Education -- Great Britain
There are some differences in the arrangements of the two colleges. At
Girton each student has two rooms, at Newnham one. The Girton fees are
£105 per annum including coaching and examinations; at Newnham they are
£75, but these items are not in all cases included. Girton supplies cabs
for students who attend lectures in Cambridge; Newnham, being in the
town, is within a walk. Both require every one who has not taken an
equivalent, _e.g._ the higher certificate of the Joint Board, to pass an
entrance examination. Both colleges award scholarships, though scarcely
sufficient to meet the many demands from girls whose parents cannot
afford the payment of full fees. Miss Welsh, one of the early Hitchin
students, is now mistress of Girton; Newnham has a Vice-principal for
each of the halls, and a Principal over the whole. In this post Mrs. H.
Sidgwick succeeded Miss Clough, when the true foundress of Newnham died
in 1892.
There is a good deal of resemblance between the Cambridge colleges and
the Oxford halls, though these latter have a different history. As early
as 1865 a scheme for lectures and classes at Oxford had been organised
by Miss Smith, and remained in operation for several years. In 1873
another similar scheme was set on foot by a committee of ladies, with
Mrs. Max Müller as treasurer, and Mrs. H. Ward and Mrs. Creighton,
followed by Mrs. T. H. Green, as secretaries. The outcome of this was
the Association for the Education of Women, organised in 1878, its
object being ‘to establish and maintain a system of instruction having
general reference to the Oxford examinations.’ Here as at Cambridge the
next step was to found halls of residence to accommodate students from a
distance. Two of these, Somerville and Lady Margaret, were opened in the
same year, 1879; since then two more, St. Hugh’s and St. Hilda’s, have
been added. The great difference, however, between the arrangements at
the two Universities is that the Oxford Association, instead of
amalgamating with the halls, has continued an independent existence,
taking the lead in all matters concerning women’s education. Most
associations of this kind were temporary bodies, which dissolved when
the college or school for which they were working was established, or
when the particular institution with which they were connected had
opened its doors to women. But the Oxford Association has increased in
importance with the development of the colleges, and has become a Board
of Studies for their students, and a means of communication between them
and the University. One of its functions is to organise lectures, to
which members of the University not infrequently request and obtain
admission. It also undertakes the negotiations with the various
professors and colleges that admit women to lectures, and it is thanks
to its exertions that they may now attend under certain regulations
lectures at almost every college in Oxford. Similarly their admission to
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