Justice -- Early works to 1800; Political science -- Early works to 1800; Utopias -- Early works to 1800
The local arrangement of the vision is less distinct than that of the
Phaedrus and Phaedo. Astronomy is mingled with symbolism and mythology;
the great sphere of heaven is represented under the symbol of a cylinder
or box, containing the seven orbits of the planets and the fixed stars;
this is suspended from an axis or spindle which turns on the knees of
Necessity; the revolutions of the seven orbits contained in the cylinder
are guided by the fates, and their harmonious motion produces {clxvii} the
music of the spheres. Through the innermost or eighth of these, which is
the moon, is passed the spindle; but it is doubtful whether this is the
continuation of the column of light, from which the pilgrims contemplate
the heavens; the words of Plato imply that they are connected, but not the
same. The column itself is clearly not of adamant. The spindle (which is
of adamant) is fastened to the ends of the chains which extend to the
middle of the column of light--this column is said to hold together the
heaven; but whether it hangs from the spindle, or is at right angles to
it, is not explained. The cylinder containing the orbits of the stars is
almost as much a symbol as the figure of Necessity turning the
spindle;--for the outermost rim is the sphere of the fixed stars, and
nothing is said about the intervals of space which divide the paths of the
stars in the heavens. The description is both a picture and an orrery, and
therefore is necessarily inconsistent with itself. The column of light is
not the Milky Way--which is neither straight, nor like a rainbow--but the
imaginary axis of the earth. This is compared to the rainbow in respect
not of form but of colour, and not to the undergirders of a trireme, but
to the straight rope running from prow to stern in which the undergirders
meet.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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