[15] Ἀφ’ οὗ δὲ ἀπὸ Σαλῶνα μετῴκησαν εἰς Ῥαούσιον, εἰσὶν ἔτη φʹ (500) μέχρι τῆςσήμερον, ἥτις ἰνδικτιῶνος ἑβδόμης ἔτους ͵ϛυνζʹ. (6457 A.M. = 949 A.D.). _De Adm. Imp._, cap. xxix. [16] Šafařik, _Slawische Alterthümer_, ii. 238; J. B. Bury, “History of the Later Roman Empire,” vol. ii. Book IV. Part II. chap. iv. [17] Constantine Porphyrogenitus says that the Slaves (whom he mixed up with the Avars) had destroyed τὸ κάστρον Πίταυρα, the inhabitants being mostly killed or captured. The survivors fled, and on an inaccessible rock founded the new city of Ῥαούσιον. In a Slavonic document quoted by Jireček (_op. cit._, p. 9, note 20) there is a native account of the foundation of Ragusa. The ancient Ragusa, it says, stood _na Captate_ (at Cavtat), and possessed the whole _župa_ of Canali; when the city fell and was destroyed, “the lords of Chum and Rascia” occupied this _župa_, and the inhabitants of the city took refuge on a strong place, where they founded the modern Ragusa. These are other more or less legendary accounts. [18] _Op. cit._, p. 10. [19] A deep inlet surrounded by high mountains at the extreme south of modern Dalmatia. [20] Gelcich, _Dello Sviluppo Civile di Ragusa_, p. 6. [21] The castle and bridge are both indicated in the drawing. [22] Published by the South-Slavonic Academy of Agram in the same volume as Ragnina’s chronicle. A small part of it is quoted by Gelcich, _op. cit._ [23] There is an Albanian tribe of the name of Dukadjin, south of Scutari. [24] They have not been identified. [25] In several early accounts it is said that the Saracens helped the Avars to destroy the city by attacking from the sea, but there is no satisfactory evidence on the subject. [26] Head of a farm; _katun_ in modern Croatian signifies dairy; it is a neo-Latin word. [27] Venice, whose connection with the Eastern Empire was somewhat similar to that of the Dalmatian cities, now recognised Charlemagne’s supremacy. There was a Byzantine and a Frankish faction. See T. Hodgkin’s “Italy and her Invaders,” viii. p. 231; also H. Brown’s “Venice.” [28] The passage reads “de ogni Vulasi,” from every Vulasi, but the emendation “de _donji_ Vulasi,” from Lower Vulasi or Wallachia (_donji_ is Slavonic for lower), is suggested. [29] In Southern Dalmatia the word _Morlacco_ is still a term of contempt. [30] This etymology is obviously impossible. [31] The first of these was Otho Ursus or Ottone Orseolo. [32] Quoted by Gelcich, _op. cit._, p. 9. [33] In the Italian city-republics, besides the head of the State, the Council of nobles, and the assembly of the people, there was also a minor or privy council of special advisers. It is very probable that there was something of the kind at Ragusa even at this time, as there was later. [34] Afterwards the archbishop. [35] “A wall of rubble and beams.”