[259] In Servia, Byzantine influence was stronger and Italian-Dalmatian influence weaker than in Bosnia, as is attested by the few surviving churches of the pre-Turkish period. But in both countries contact with the Adriatic towns was closer than with the Eastern Empire. [260] Gelcich, _Ragusa_, p. 32. [261] So called because its bell was tolled to announce an execution of a criminal, a proclamation of exile, or the approach of a hostile fleet (Gelcich, _op. cit._, p. 278). [262] In 1346 forty additional sentries were added and distributed among the posts, and an extra body of archers was enrolled (_Lib. Ref._, i., March 24, p. 229). Of course when military expeditions were organised a much larger levy was made both in the city and in the territory. [263] T. G. Jackson, _Dalmatia, the Quarnero, and Istria_, ii. p. 372. [264] Jackson, _ibid._ [265] R. Eitelberger von Edelberg, _Die Mittelalterlichen Kunstdenkmale Dalmatiens_, in his _Gesammelte Kunsthistorische Werke_, iv. pp. 343, 344. [266] Gelcich, _Ragusa_, 17, 23. [267] Eitelberger, _op. cit._, p. 334. [268] Jackson, _ibid._ [269] The word _sponza_ was also applied to open loggie, built on the borders of the Republic as resting-places for the caravans. One of these existed at S. Michele della Cresta (1356), and another by the Canale di Narenta (Gelcich, p. 73). [270] De Diversis says it was enlarged in 1312. [271] _Op. cit._, ii. 360. [272] Gelcich, p. 19. [273] _Ibid._, p. 20. [274] Horatio Brown’s _Venice_, p. 212. [275] Gelcich, _La Zedda_, Preface. [276] Note to Gibbon’s _Decline and Fall_, vol. vi. p. 500. [277] The “Machova” of the Ragusan documents. [278] Klaić, p. 197. [279] Knez means lord or count. [280] The decadence of Servia can be traced in the titles of its rulers. Uroš IV. was the last Tsar, Vukašin was only Kral or king, and his son was Marko Kraljević, “the King’s son.” [281] Du Cange, Farlati, Lenormant, and Rovinski take the first view, Gelcich (_La Zedda_, p. 28) and Šafažik the second. [282] It is sometimes called Zenta or Zeta. [283] This form of succession was a very usual one in the Serb lands. [284] Gelcich, _La Zedda_, p. 13; Jireček, _Handelsstrassen_, p. 36 _sqq._ [285] These were allowed to lapse in favour of Vojslav Voinović. [286] Miklosich, _Monumenta Serbica_, p. 176. [287] Gelcich, _La Zedda_, p. 14; also his _Memoire storiche sulle Bocche di Cattaro_. [288] Gibbon’s _Decline and Fall_, Bury’s edition, vol. vii. pp. 29-31. [289] The ancient Tainaros, now called Cirmen. [290] Klaić, p. 199; Gelcich, _La Zedda_, p. 80. [291] After the year 1358 the _Reformationes_ allude to the _Rector_, and no longer to the _Rectores_. [292] _I.e._ when his own acts or the election of one of his relatives was under discussion. [293] _Ref._, ii., January 1359. [294] _Diplom. Ragus._, 1359, 4, 5, 8; 1360, 12; 1361, 20. [295] _Ref._, 1360, Feb. [296] _Ref Cons. Maj._, 1361, July 1. [297] _Ref._, 1361, July.